Echoes of Dover’s Past: A Journey Through Historical Street Names

Abbots Walk.
When the Buckland housing estate was laid out soon after the First World War it was at first suggested that the new streets should be given the names of local notables. Miss L. Bamford a member of the housing committee proposed however that they should commemorate the pilgrims who in the middle ages passed through Dover in their hundreds to and from Canterbury.
This suggestion was adopted and the streets were given names from Chaucerís ìCanterbury Talesî each being the name of one of the pilgrims whose story appears in Chaucerís work.

Adelaide Crescent.
One of numerous streets on the corporations Buckland Valley housing estate which were to commemorate the part they played in the 1939-45 war and the fact that they, in common with the whole free world had taken such an interest in the wartime fortunes of Dover the front line town.

Adrian Street.
Once named Upwall or Above-Wall, the latter name being used in the Vestry books of St. Maryís church as far back as 1639. It Was probably because the Street was formed on ground on the hill above a wall, which had been built to strengthen the face of the cliff just below; this wall was exposed to view when some Snargate Street premises were being altered; or the name may have been given it because the Street was above the wall of the ancient Town, parts of the old wall being from time to time exposed to view, and showing those of this generation where the boundary of their Town was.
The hill was re-named Adrian Street to mark the spot where once stood Adrian Gate, one of the many gates of the town. How Adrian Gate got itís name is not easy to answer. It is certainly not an indication as some have asserted that the Romans built the walls. The gate was built at the same time as Snar Gate in 1370.

Albany Place.
This place was arranged and built upon by Mr. Adcock about the time that the Duke of Albany came to visit his brother the Duke of Connaught, who was stationed in Dover. It was the builderís way of honouring two of Her Majestyís sons.

Albert Road.
This road was planned when the Prince Consort died (1861) and named in his honour. The property belongs to the government department called ìWoodsî and ìForestsî and let by them in building leases.

Alberta Way.
The housing committee appointed to deal with naming of the new streets being created on the Buckland Valley and Green Lane Farm Estates in the year 1945 recommended names associated with the Empire which has sent frequent food parcels for distribution in the town and money donated to local funds during the war. Alberta being the province of north-west Canada gave its name to this street.

Albion Place.
Which has now disappeared was a spacious court opening of Chapel Place, now in turn about to pass into oblivion. Nearby stood a public house called the ìAlbionî later re-named the ìCarpenters Armsî and the builder chose the name Albion.

Alexandra Place.
Princess Alexandra daughter of King Christian IX of Denmark married the Prince of Wales (afterwards King Edward VII) in 1863 about ten years before the houses in this road were built.

Alfred Road.
Development of the street began in the last years of the 19th century it is not sure whether it was decided to continue the practice of naming the streets after famous Kings of Saxon days or whether the Alfred had more prosaic origins.

Alma Place.
Was the original name for a row of cottages, which later became merged into the eastern part of Charlton Green and have since disappeared completely. The cottages were built at the time of the Crimean War when the Battle of Alma was in everyone’s mind.

Anselm Road.
Anselm was an Archbishop of Canterbury who was in conflict with William Rufus son of the Conqueror on the question of ecclesiastical rights. Exiled for a time he regained power under Henry I. and died at Canterbury. He was canonised in 1494.

Approach Road.
Was at first considered part of Manor Road, but when the inconvenience and confusion caused by this arrangement became apparent a few years before the First World War, the houses in Manor Road were re-numbered and Approach Road was given a name of its own which it took from a pair of cottages built in the approach to Manor Road.

Archcliffe Road.
On 30th August 1878 a letter was received from the Royal Engineers office stating that the War Department was completing the names of the roads at the Heights, and as there appears no distinct name for that piece of road past Archliffe Fort it was suggested to call it Archcliffe Road or Archcliffe Avenue. On September 6th it was agreed that it was to be called Archcliffe Road.
The headland was called Archcliffe point owing to its leading up to Arch Cliff which we now call Shakespeare Cliff.

Armourerís Walk.
Named after the armours that made the suits of armour for the Knights in the Middle Ages.

Arthurís Place.
War damage has obliterated this and a number of other narrow streets in the St. James Street area. It was another of the local public places to which a famous Lord Warden
Arthur Wellesley Wellington gave his name.

Astley Avenue.
This street commemorates Dr. E. F. Astley a prominent Dover citizen of the 19th century who gave the town the organ in Connaught Hall and was chairman of the original committee responsible for laying out the first part of Connaught Park. He was Mayor 1858-9 during which time he opened at his own expense an Isolation Hospital at Edred Road Tower Hamlets.

Astor Avenue.
Was opened in 1923 by the Hon. J. J. Astor M. P. for Dover linking Tower Hamlets with Elms Vale and this was constructed at a cost of £14,000.

Ashen Tree Lane.
So called from a large ash tree, which for many years flourished in the garden adjoining.

Athol Terrace.
A Scottish lady, Mrs. Macintyre, was living at East Cliff when these houses were built. She became the purchaser of No. 3 and suggested the name for the whole row, having the well-known Blair Athol of her native land in her mind at the time.

Buckland Crescent.
After the largest city and capital of New Zealand.

Bakerís Alley.
From a Dover Express dated 1952 it makes reference to this alley which is the passage leading from Tower Street to Tower Hill. Originally it was called Slip Alley, and in the late 1800ís a widow came to live in the end house and opened her front room as a sweet shop. All the children knew her as ìold granny Bakerî hence the name.

Bakerís Close.
Was once the name of the steep ascent now known as Priory Hill. The name is a corruption of Bake House Close being part of the close or field of nine acres given originally to the monks of the Priory to establish a bakery and on this hill was a bake-house.

Balfour Road.
This road was laid out just before the end of the last century and although at that time Mr. Balfour had not yet became Prime Minister he was already a well-known politician having been president of the Local Government Board and Chief Secretary for Ireland.

Barton Road.
The road which in olden times passed behind Barton Farm was commonly described as ìthe back oí Barton.î It was a narrow crooked lane, which the parish authorities at various times slightly improved, because before the making of the turnpike road and the building of Buckland Bridge, this was the route of the coaches, road wagons, and other traffic to Canterbury and London.

Bartholomew Street.
This street is built near to the spot, which used to be known as ìBartholomew Fieldsî and at that time a ìBartlemy Fairî was held there until 1830. About 1152 a House of Mercy for lepers was founded and dedicated to St. Bartholomew and placed in these ìfields,î and when houses were built and the foundation dug in what is now the London Road just beyond St. Bartholomewís Church, many human bones were found which were no doubt those of lepers and that this portion of ground was the burying place of St. Bartholomewís Hospital.

Beach Street.
The piece of ground on which this street is built was not many years ago the beach where the children living down the pier played. They called it the ìPlain Beachî as it adjoined a portion of ground called the Chapel Plain; the name lingering from the days when the Chapel dedicated to ìOur Lady of Pityî (and sometimes called ìOur Lady of Arcliffeî) was near by. This Chapel was destroyed by a gale in 1576. Before the coming of the railways the seaward side of the streets contained a pilots look-out and ship building yards. Townsend Battery also stood here.

Beaconsfield Road.
This road was planned and built by a Conservative builder named Tucker and called after the famous Tory Leader – Disraeli – Lord Beaconsfield.

Beaufoy Road and Terrace.
So called after the late Mr. C. E. Beaufoy, Chairman of the Corporation housing committee at the time these streets were laid out and Mayor in 1919.
Beaumont Terrace.
This is one of the numerous terraces in Folkestone Road, which were given distinctive names when the road was being developed, piecemeal and consecutive numbering was not possible. This terrace is named after Baron Beaumont, who bought ìWestmountî and all the land between it and the railway with the intention of founding a monastery.

Becketís Walk.
An appropriate reference to Thomas Becket amid the surrounding streets all named after pilgrims in Chaucerís Canterbury Tales.

Bench Street.
There are very great differences of opinion about the origin of this name. Some say that it is called from a bench, which was placed near the turning into Snargate Street and called the ìPenniless Benchî where beggars there went to congregate. Other people say that there was a bench in the Tower of St. Nicholas (which Tower remained standing in Bench Street till 1800.) And they affirm that ìThe Benchî was the Customs Tax building (till 1796) and was a meeting place for gossips, it was also used for a place of meeting for merchants to transact business, pay the Kings dues etc. so that a bench had existed thereabouts for many years and was sufficient reason for the choice of the name when the street was formed. It was widened and thereby much improved in 1837 when the shops were pulled down and built up again in their own back gardens. Before that time the street was very narrow.

Beresford Road.
This road, which joins Common Lane River, is named after Admiral Charles William de la poer Beresford a famous admiral who was in his hey-day at the time the road was laid out. He commanded the Channel Fleet in 1907.

Biggin Street.
Where Cannon Street ends and Biggin Street begins there was a house and into the wall a stone had been inserted to record the fact that ìHere stood Biggin Gate taken down by order of the Corporation 1762.î The name Biggin and the meaning of it has never been satisfactory explained. So all we can say for certain is that the street took itís name from the old gate of the town, which stood there. The street ends at Maison Dieu now used as the Town Hall. It was erected in the time of King John by Hubert de Burgh as a house of rest for pilgrims passing to and fro. It was suppressed by King Henry VIII and in the reign of Queen Mary was converted into a Victualling Office for the Royal Navy and was so used until 1830 when it was transferred to the Board of Ordnance who in 1863 sold it to the Dover Corporation. In 1859 the restoration of the building began and finished, and was used for Municipal purposes.
While it remained the Victualling Office, the manager of the agent lived at the house adjoining and one of the quays was set apart for ships employed for Victualling purposes. In 1883 great additions were made to the original building at an enormous expense a new prison was built on the Ladywell side of the Maison Dieu in 1867.

Black Horse Lane.
This lane was the original name for Tower Hamlets Road. The change of name was made in 1865. Here stood a turn-pike, which of course disappeared when the Turn-Pike Act was repealed. The Black Horse Inn stood at the lower corner and was a reminder of the public executions, which took place on the rising ground facing Bridge Street. The last execution there was in August 1822 of a young man convicted of robbery at Margate. The houses in this road which, have taken the place of wild flowers were built on the site of some brickfields belonging to Farbrace and Winthrop who in those days discovered that there was suitable clay to be got to the Lane and set to work to make bricks instead of importing them from a distance.

Blenheim Square.
Was in the Pier district and was one of the thoroughfares which disappeared in connection with the Pier Improvement Scheme of the early part of this century and the construction of the viaduct. I took itís name from a cannon, which stood in the square. The Cannon a trophy from the Crimea was a gift to Dover from the Officers and crew of H.M.S. Blenheim who captured it in Hango in 1855. Before that date the space was known as Red Pump Square because a red pump stood there. The pump is indicated on a map of 1737.

Blutcher Street.
This is another name, which has now disappeared from local directories. Blucher Street was one of the rows of old property demolished to make way for the Durham Hill development. It was built early in the last century and named after General Blutcher who was staying at the Ship Hotel in Dover when peace was declared in 1814.

Boston Rise.
The first alphabetically of the streets on Buckland Valley, which take their names from cities of the United States of America.

Bowling Green Hill.
In 1834 there used to be a very good bowling green in the area where the Durham Hill flats now stand. The greens were kept up by the subscriptions of the elite of the town and the officers of the garrison.

Branch Street.
Before this little street was built between Peter Street and Bridge Street a footbridge at that point crossed a ìbranchî of the river.

Bridge Street.
Has probably been so-called since 1829 when the brick bridge was built across the Dour.
The road formerly crossed by a ford, although there was a wooden foot-bridge for pedestrians. But the road is a very old one, part of an ancient road from Charlton Bottom to Whinless Down and Hougham.

Brisbane Way.
Brisbane Australia, was founded as a station for British convicts in 1824, it was named in honour of the British administrator Thomas Brisbane then governor of the neighbouring colony of New South Wales.

Brook Street.
Now swallowed up by the enlargement of Dover Engineering Works this short cul-de-sac was a turning off Colebran Street. It got itís name from itís proximity to the Dour sometimes called not disrespectfully a brook. The primitive Methodists had their first meeting place in a cow shed in Brook Street before they moved to the Peter Street Chapel in 1860.

Brookfield Avenue.
This like Brookfield Place appears to have taken its name from Brookfield House on the east side of the river. This house built as a new parsonage for Buckland but never used for that purpose it was probably so-named because it stood close to the river on land, which anciently was glebe.

Brookfield Place.
When the houses in this street were built the River Dour flowed through fields nearby.

Buckland Avenue.
According to Hasted the Kent historian Buckland, formerly spelt ì Bockeland î took itís name from two Saxon words-boc or book and land meaning that it was land held by charter or writing.

Bulwark Hill.
This name has a very obvious meaning the bulwarks on the east side of Archcliff Fort being situated on the hill.

Bulwark Street.
Derives its name from the tower or bulwark built by Sir John Clark the Master of the Maison Dieu to guard the old Paradise Harbour.

Bunkers Hill.
Appears to have taken its name from an American district near Charlestown where the British had a victory on June 17th 1775 in the American War of Independence. But the train of circumstances, which brought the name to Dover, is obscure.

Bushy Ruff.
Modern purists insist upon spelling the name of this part of Alkham Valley on the Borough boundary ìBushy Roughî But old maps all give the spelling ì Ruff. î Aìroughî or ìruffî was a common and though this would hardly be a suitable description for the well-watered valley, it could apply to the higher ground of River Minnis above. It is said that the name was given to the locality about the end of the 18th century by a man who dammed the further of the two lakes and built a paper mill there as well as a house for himself on the higher ground.

Byllan Road.
This is a comparatively new name although the road itself has been in existence for half a century or more. Until a few years ago this street and itís continuation on the other side of Lewisham Road was called South Road. Owing to the confusion with South Road Tower Hamlets a change was made and this part of the street between Lewisham Road and Valley Road was given the name of a terrace of houses, which flank the south side. The terrace itself is another of those to which the builder the late Mr. Fred Lewis gave the names of members of his family – in this case Bill and Ann. The name of the street should therefore be pronounced ìBillan.î

Byron Crescent.
When the Buckland Valley housing estate was laid out after the Second World War it was necessary to choose a considerable number of new names. One idea was to have
a ìpoetís cornerî in the north west part of the valley. Although this proposal was not fully carried out several of the streets on this part of the estate are named after famous poets.

Cambridge Terrace.
This was built in 1856, and though the old Duke of Cambridge did not live in Cambridge House at the corner of Liverpool Street, yet he was a very well known visitor to Dover and thought worthy of having his name handed down to posterity.

Camden Crescent.
The Marquis of Camden was Lord Lieutenant of the County of Kent in 1840 when this Crescent was begun to be built and his name was given to it as a mark of respect he being at the time a member of the Harbour Board.

Cannon Street.
Thought by some to be mis-spelt because they considered it was named after the Canon of St. Martin-le-Grand in the Market Square. Although there was a cannon ward in the earliest days of the corporation ancient documents refer to the street as the Kingís Highway. It was more likely that the street derived itís name from Captain Henry Cannon during the commonwealth who owned property in the street.

Caroline Place.
This is one of the streets, which has disappeared as the result of war damage, and the subsequent clearance of the Stembrook area through which it led to the Tanyard. It was named after Queen Caroline whom Dover strongly supported in her quarrel with King George IV from whom she was estranged. When Caroline landed in Dover in June 1820 en-route for London to assert her rights and face false accusations of infidelity, there was such a gathering on the beach that she had to seek shelter in the York Hotel there was so much excitement among the general public about her, some taking her part and some speaking against her that Mr. Edward Thompson who was the Mayor at the time had to read the riot act.

Carolina Walk.
Named after the American states North and South Carolina and to honour their American friends.

Castle Avenue.
Was laid out towards the end of the last century on land which had long been part of the Dover Castle estate- and sometimes the camping ground of Hostile forces who, here, were out of bowshot of the Castle.

Castle Hill.
Was built as a military road in 1797. The earlier Castle Hill had run from the top of St. James Street through extensive shrubbery at the foot of the hill and then by way of what is now known as the Zig Zag.

Castle Street.
It is quite surprising to find that no road or even lane existed here before 1830. The old route to the Castle and Deal was via St. James Street. Castle Street was mostly constructed between 1830 and 1835 but was not opened into the Market Square until 1837 after a Parliamentary Act had been granted to purchase the stables and yard of the Antwerp Hotel, which barred the way.

Castlemount Road.
At first the houses in this road were called Castlemount Cottages and they have more interest than the name itself which was taken from Castlemount House built in 1876 was a house, a school and now once again used for that purpose. The twenty-four cottages in Castlemount Road were erected for the Dover Cottage Building and Improvement society of which the Rector of Buckland (the Rev. S. Tennison Mosse) was secretary. This society was based on the model of one founded by the Prince Consort at Windsor to improve the dwellings of the labouring poor.

Caves Court.
As an alleyway this court was shown in local directories until within a year or two of the last war and still exists but not many in Dover would be able to give a direction to it. This is an opening in Worthington Street, which allows rear access. At one time there were six little cottages situated here. Caves Court is another instance of an owner giving his name to a row of cottages. Mr. William Cave was a watchmaker and jeweller who in the 1870’s had a business in Biggin Street and Caves Court was at the rear of his shop.

Catherine Place.
Who the fair lady was after whom this place was named has never been discovered. In 1795 the Dover Workhouse as it was called at the time was built in this place (now Buckland Hospital) as the Union for Dover and adjacent villages. Sometimes the Place is called Saint Catherineís Place.

Chamberlain Road.
When the Town Council built the Astor Avenue estate between the wars they followed to some extent the procedure, which a private builder the late Sir William Crundall had adopted in naming nearby streets after Conservative politicians. In this case it was Joseph Chamberlain who started as a liberal and holding offices under Gladstone subsequently became an active Liberal Unionist and served under Lord Salisbury as Secretary of State for the Colonies.

Chapel Hill.
Lying at the foot of the hill on the west side of London Road Chapel Hill occupies part of the land believed at one time to have been within the grounds of St. Bartholomewís Hospital for Lepers. At the suppression of the monasteries, not one stone was left upon another at this hospital but itís chapel is supposed to have been on the green mount behind London Road an area, which has long been known as Chapel Mount.

Chapel Lane.
Until 100 years or so ago this lane was known as Grubbins Lane. Apart from providing a rear access to the premises on either side of itís entrance in Bench Street the lane at that time contained only one residence that occupied by a Mr Grubbin. The north-west corner house long occupied by Messrs. John Lukey was the vicarage for St. Maryís Church, having been purchased by the parishioners in 1754 for their Minister the Rev. William Byrch. The house on the other corner was Priory property and was sold in 1846 for the remainder of a 500 year lease granted in 1660 at a peppercorn rent. The lane changed itís name some time after the Unitarian Chapel was built in Adrian Street in 1820.

Chapel Street and Chapel Place
Appear like Chapel Lane to date as far as name is concerned from the building of the Unitarian Chapel to which they all led from different directions.

Charlton Avenue.
In ancient times there was a manor of Charlton attached to the Barony of Chilham. Doomsday Book says-Ralph de Sanfare holds one manor as a prebend called “Cerlentone.”

Chaucer Crescent.
Another of the roads in ìpoetís cornerî and one, which was particularly, appropriate since Chaucerís ìCanterbury Talesî provided the names for the streets in the older part of Buckland Estate. His remains were buried in Westminster Abbey and his tomb formed the beginning of what is now known as the ìpoetís corner.î

Cherry Tree Lane – Avenue.
Named after the Cherry Tree Inn, which, in 1814, was the only house between the Black Horse (Tower Hamlets Road), and Buckland Bridge. In the garden of the inn was a very fine cherry tree.

Chevalier Road.
Just around the corner in Elms Vale Road is Chevalier House, which was built in the early days of this century a year or two before the road was laid out. It seems reasonable therefore to assume that the road took itís name from the house but whether there was any particular significance in it we do not know.

Chilton Avenue.
Like Chilton Way makes use of the ancient name, which applied to the land at the Dover end of Alkham Valley and was used in Chilton Farm from which the water tumbles down a waterfall before going under the road to Bushy Ruff.

Chisnall Road.
Was so-named by the late Mr Pope a Folkestone builder who began the development of this street off Lower Road River but who he chose that name or its significance is not known.

Church Road.
At Maxton was so named when this area began to develop at the end of the last century and St. Martinís Church was built to serve the new area. The name was chosen despite the fact that there then existed a Church Street a Church Court and a Church Place in the centre of the town.

Church Street.
It is believed was laid out after the demolition of St. Peterís Church, remains of which have been found under the buildings on the north side of the Market Square. The land was sold by authority of Queen Elizabeth in 1590, by the Mayor of Dover. The proceeds were to be devoted to the improvement of the harbour, but the Mayor left the town secretly without settling up with the harbour authorities, so that the ill-fated harbour suffered another set-back.
The street was made famous by the licensee of the Star Inn, Mr Thomas Longley, who weighed 46 stone and had a chest measurement of 86 inches. He died in 1904. The last time he went to London he had to travel in the guardís van because he could not get through the carriage door.

Churchill Road.
Unlike Churchill Street which was re-named (formerly Pauls Street) after Lord Randolph Churchill. Churchill Road is believed to have taken itís name from the poet whose grave is in Cowgate Cemetery. The probability is increased by the fact that the first house in Maxton more recently known as Cosworth Manor was originally named Churchill House and itís first occupant about 1865 assisted in compiling the memoirs of another poet William Cooper.

Churchill Street.
Like Randolph Gardens, this street was named after Lord Randolph Churchill, who was a leading member of the Conservative Party at the time the streets were laid out.

Clarence Place – Clarence Lawn – Clarence Street.
The Duke of Clarence (afterwards William IV) when he was Lord High Admiral brought over in H.M.S. ìThe Impregnableî the Emperor of Russia, The King of Prussia and other celebrities on the occasion of Louis XVIII return to France in 1814. In 1819 the Duke and Duchess stayed in Constable’s Tower in the Castle for a short time so naturally the name of Clarence would be known in Dover.
While they were here in 1819 the first public carriage was started. It was owned by a Mr. Baker and so called it a Clarence. Afterwards when flyís became more common we read in the advertisements in old Dover Guides that Fly Chariots could be hired by the day or hour. Clarence Place used to be called Crane Street.

Clarendon Street.
This street is built on part of some land belonging to St. Maryís Church. Mr. Crundall was the builder and gave it this name of Lord Clarendon who was Secretary for Foreign Affairs at the time the houses were built in 1870.

Cleveland Approach.
This small turning off Roosevelt Road is another of the American names adopted on the Buckland Valley Estate.

Colebran Street.
Which ran from Bridge Street to Brook Street was one of three cottages the others being Brook Street itself and Catherineís Place laid out about 1840 on the site of a former poorhouse. This workhouse served the poor of St. Maryís parish until the new workhouse was erected in Union Road to serve the newly constituted Dover Union.
Ruth Colebran was one of the clerks employed by Mr. Isaac Minet the Dover banker. She made money by privatising ventures. There were ratepayers of this name in St. Maryís Parish in 1717, so one of them may have been a builder.

Colliery Cottages.
Known by name to a few people these are quite well known to travellers on the railway who see them as the train emerges from Shakespeare tunnel. In fact only one is now occupied. The name of course comes from the Shakespeare Colliery where coal was first raised in Kent, and which subsequently became the abortive channel tunnel workings.

Colorado Close.
Also takes its name from one of the United States of America.

Connaught Road.
This road is close to Connaught Park, which received its name when the Duke of Connaught opened it. His wife planted a tree there to celebrate the event in 1883.

Coombe Close.
Like the much older Coombe Farm it takes its name from Coombe Down, which separates this district from Crabble and River.

Commercial Quay.
It is a very appropriate name given to this road for it was here that ships of commerce of all kinds both to load and unload their goods. The Quay was widened to a carriage road and received itís present name in 1813.

Common Lane.
Leads on to River Minnis where Ireland wrote in 1829 ìthe poor have a right of common or heath comprising 300 acres.î Since his days the land has been enclosed.

Cornwall House.
The Heir to the Throne Prince Charles Duke of Cornwall gives his name to this block of flats, which is one of three now occupying Durham Hill and all named after Royal Dukes.

Council House Street.
Not as one might think so named because it was a street built by the local authority but because the place of meeting of the Dover Harbour Board stood there for many years.

Coxhill Gardens.
This pleasant modern estate on the fringe of Kearsney Abbey is laid out on land long known as Coxhill Mount.

Cowgate Hill.
This name reminds us of old Dover with its walls and gates. At the foot of this hill stood many gates, it was taken down in 1776 as an inscription, which is let into a house there, tells us. It was sometimes called the Common Gate because it led to the common where the cows of the town were allowed to graze. Some of this common was enclosed as a cemetery and consecrated in 1835 by the Archbishop of Canterbury. It has been closed for many years now except for those who have vaults there. The rest of the common has been much built over so that cows passing the site of Cowgate would be troubled to find any pasturage.

Cowper Road.
Obtained its name in the same manner as Byllan Road. Together with Byllan Road it formed South Road with branches on either side of Lewisham Road. When a change was made because of possible confusion with South Road, Tower Hamlets, this portion was given a name with local associations, giving the name Cowper Covert to a spot on the hillside above the road.

Crabble.
This seems to be a name confined to Dover which town makes ample use of it in Crabble Avenue, Close, Hill, Lane, and Road, apart from its application to particular houses and properties such as Crabble Mill and Crabble Court. No completely satisfactory explanation of the name seems to have been discovered. One suggestion is that it was derived from a crabba – a water rat this is possible since the district is well watered by the River Dour. Another suggestion is that it came from a crab apple tree grown in that district.

Crabble Meadows.
The footpath from Buckland Bridge to the Athletic Ground has long been known by this name. An alternative sometime used is Church Path and developments there are constantly making that a more appropriate name. Before the railway came to divide the area with itís embankment it really was meadow land where sheep and cattle grazed beside the river.

Crafford Street and Walk.
Was named after John Crafford who was Master of the Maison Dieu in the reign of Henry VII.

Crane Street.
This is the most ancient name known for Clarence Place, which was later called Kingís Head Street after a public house, which had stood there from the time of James I. The street was again re-named after the Duke of Clarence (later King William IV) who had stayed in Dover. Nothing is known of the origin of the first name but it might well have come from a primitive crane used for unloading vessels which nosed their way to the shingle banks with which this area abounded centuries ago.

Cross Place.
This was the name given in some old documents to what is now known as the Market Square. When fairs were held here it was the custom to erect a cross to denote that the fairs originally had a religious character.

Crosswall.
Was so called because it was a wall built across from Clarence Place to Union Street in 1661. This for the first time enclosed the area now known as Granville Dock. Earlier Union Street was known as Crosswall it having been the shorter of the two big walls built in 1583 to enclose the Pent now the Wellington Dock.

Curzon Road.
This is another of the several roads in the town, which commemorate Lord Wardens of the Cinque Ports. Lord Curzon of Kedleston a former Viceroy of India was appointed Lord Warden in 1904 upon the death of the Marquees of Salisbury. Lord Curzon was also a prominent politician and after handing over the Lord Wardenship to the Prince of Wales (later King George V in 1905) he held numerous offices in the government and was Foreign Secretary from 1919-24. He therefore has another claim to be among the Parliamentarians who gave their name to roads in this district.

Custom House Quay.
Acquired its name in 1807 when a new Custom House was built there. Earlier the Custom House had been at a place called the Mount between the upper end of Snargate Street and Northampton Street. Drawings and paintings exist showing the new Custom House set back from a quay side on which are mounted cannon. The formation of Custom House Quay began about 1670 when certain people who had secured leases of land on the eastern side of Strond Street built houses and warehouses there and constructed private quays in front of them.

De Burgh Street.
Named in honour of Hubert De Burgh who was twice Constable of Dover Castle in the reigns of King John and Henry III. He was also Lord Warden of the Cinque Ports and Sheriff and Earl of Kent. He bravely kept the Castle during a siege in 1216 and in the reign of King John he built the Maison Dieu Hall for the reception of pilgrims who were constantly passing to and fro from the continent on their way to visit the shrine of Thomas a Becket. The brave Knights portrait appears in one of the windows of the Town Hall where he is depicted receiving the Charter of the Maison Dieu from the King.

Deanwood Road.
High above Lewisham Road approaching the top of Crabble Lane, and on the north side of that lane is a small wood known as Bobís Dean Wood. It is that wood which gives itís name to Deanwood Road a modern off-shoot from Crabble Lane.

Delaware Dell.
Another name taken from an American state is particularly apt because the capital of Delaware is Dover.

De Vere Gardens.
Although this is not a street but a terrace of houses in Salisbury Road it is worth recording that they were named after De Vere Earl of Oxford who in ancient times owned the Manor whose estates included land in this area.

Devonshire Road.
This is another of the Tower Hamlets roads named after a politician who was prominent at the end of the Victorian era the 8th Duke of Devonshire. Like Chamberlain he separated from Gladstone on the Home Rule Question and in 1895 entered Lord Salisburyís third Tory Ministry the year the Marquees of Salisbury became Lord Warden of the Cinque Ports. But he disagreed with Chamberlain over fiscal policy and then declared himself a free trader.

Dickson Road.
There have been three main-streams in the development of the Tower Hamlets area. The first began about the middle of the 19th century and took developments as far as South Road. The second began 1896 and the third comprising the corporations housing estate began in the 1920’s. Dickson Road was the last street laid out in the oldest part of the district, the houses there being built about 1890. Sir William Crundall developer of this and the roads leading immediately to the west chose the names of people who were prominent members of the Conservative Party and it is rather ironic that the streets to which he gave such names should be part of an area, which has become quite a social stronghold. In this case the road was named after Mayor Alexander G. Dickson who was M. P. for Dover from 1865 -1889. He married Lady North of the Waldershare family.

Dieu Stone Lane.
This lane at one time marked eastern boundary of the Maison Dieu Estate and there was a boundary stone at the end of the lane where it now joins what is now called Maison Dieu Road.

Doddís Lane.
John Dodd was a brick-maker who built Dodds House and the cottage in this lane in 1808. His ownership of the land in this district led to an unusual court case in 1842. But he was not there to hear the proceedings – he was dead. During the election dinner in 1841 Dodd offered to show his deeds to a George Hudson a master mariner who was notorious for his claims to the ownership of a great deal of Dover property. Hudson took the deeds away promising to return them next day. But they were never seen again. Hudson was sentenced to seven years imprisonment for unlawfully retaining the deeds but Dodd died before the case came up at Dover Quarter Sessions.

Dolphin Lane.
Took its name from a public house ìThe Dolphinî situated in the Lane. Formerly the lane gave access to Market Square and because the buildings in part occupies the site of the lane the block of shops and maisonettes on the east side of the square has been named Dolphin House. There was a Dolphin House here until 1906 when together with a number of cottages it was demolished to add to the brewery. It had from time to time been used as a Volunteer Institute and by the Young Womenís Christian Association as well as a private residence. In ages past it was probably part of the Harbour, for in sinking a well there they came across eight feet of harbour mud.

Douglas Road.
Sir William Crundall named this road in the second stage of development of Tower Hamlets after the Member of Parliament for the St. Augustine Division.

Dour Street.
This street was laid out in the year 1859. It was named owing to its running parallel with the River Dour, and in its course of three miles, turns eleven Mills. It was proposed to call it Gore Street after the Gurleys, who for many years lived at Ladywell Farm and occupied the land but by the direction of the Town Council Dour Street was adopted.

Douro Place.
This Spanish title was given to the Duke of Wellington and borne afterwards by his son. The Duke was Lord Warden of the Cinque Ports from 1830 until his death in 1852 and his son was quartered in Dover in the Rifle Brigade in 1853 so that their names and titles were often used in Dover. The Duke was also Chairman of the Harbour Board and took great interest in the affairs of the Harbour. His name and titles are also remembered in Arthurís Place and Wellesley Terrace.

Dryden Road.
Another poet who gave his name to a street on Buckland Valley housing estate.

Durban Crescent.
South Africa’s part in the 1939-45 war is honoured by this street. Durban being the chief port of the Natal Province.

Durham Hill.
It is fairly obvious that there is a connection between the name of this road and the Earldom of Durham but the association is not easy to find. The connection becomes more obvious when it is realised that the family name of the Earl of Durham is Lambton, which has been used for another local road. The Durham peerage was created about the same time. John George Lambton the Lord Privy Seal being made a Baron in 1828 and an Earl five years later. In 1818 the Dover School of Industry was established at Durham Hill by the ladies of Dover to educate and train sixty girls.

Eastbrook Place.
Eastbrook Gate was the name given to the Eastern Gate of the town, built by Widred, King of Kent in 700. This Place is not very near to the old boundary of the town, but was probably called this name owing to the fact that the Eastern portion of the river or brook emptied itself near here into the Harbour which was close by, in what we now call Woolcomber Street.

East Cliff.
Stands where the open sea formerly led into the Eastern Harbour and the River Dour. Before the 19th century there was no thoroughfare here only a bank of shingle over which one man trudged to reach his home, John Smith the father of Sir Sydney Smith who lived in a peculiar dwelling known as Smithís Folly – looking rather like an upturned boat.

East Street, Dover.

East Street, West Street, North Road, South Road.
The only one of four Tower Hamlets Streets named after compass points, which could be really justified. West Street is almost as far east as East Street. North Road is to the south of the district and South Road runs more or less south-east to north-west. In a Dover Express dated January 20th 1866 it states – The Town Clerk ordered that the two unnamed streets in Tower Hamlets in future be called East Street and West Street.

Eaton Road.
Three Eatons were Mayors of Dover in the 17th century but it was the Moninsí family who gave the names to this street in the Elms Vale area where they held land for many centuries. John Henry Monins who lived at Ringwould House was the heart of the family when these roads at the end of the last century and Eaton Road was named after his son John Eaton Monins, who later represented Dover on Kent County Council. He was killed in a road accident. One hundred and fifty years earlier the Rev. Monins Eaton was Rector of Ringwould. Earl Kitchener whose name was used for the next turning off Elms Vale Road was a cousin of John Henry Monins. The families were further linked when Earl Kitchenerís nephew Viscount Broome married the elder daughter of J. H. Monins. The elder son is the present Earl Kitchener and his brother who is heir to the Earldom continues the use of the name Eaton – Charles Eaton Kitchener. The Monins also named Chevalier Road two ladies of that name being aunts of Mr John Henry Monins.

Eaves Road.
Mr. Tom Eaves was a popular master at St. Martinís School but was killed in the First World War. He was also Scoutmaster of the local troop and when they later built headquarters behind Markland Road they named it Eaves Hall. Subsequently a few properties were built there and the residents began to describe it as New Road. The Corporation however took a hand and decided that it should be called Eaves Road. There was a court objection from one resident but the Magistrates upheld the Corporation case.

Edinburgh House.
Although this is not in any sense a thoroughfare it may be useful here to say that this block of flats and others on Durham Hill have been named after Royal Dukes.

Edgar Road.
This is another of local streets, which bears the name of an old English King; Edgar the Peaceable who reigned from 939-957 was a Monarch with enlightened ideas. By one of the laws the Borough Court was held three times a week in Dover right up to the 19th Century when an Act of Parliament directed that sessions should be held quarterly.

Edred Road.
When the district known as Tower Hamlets was laid out in roads and streets it was thought well to go far back in the History of our County and use names of worthies of that period. This one of Edred was chosen because he was an energetic King of Kent reigning from 946-955, and was thought worthy of remembrance.

Edwards Road.
This short street, which gives access to the rear of the Co-operative premises and is the approach to Salem School Hall, was named after the Rev. E. J. Edwards the Minister of the Baptist Church who greatly assisted in strengthening the cause in Dover.

Effingham Crescent.
Lady Effingham was a frequent visitor to Dover and gave largely to the building fund of Christ Church so when houses were built about 1844 near the Church it was thought well to perpetuate her memory by giving her name to the crescent. Later upon petition from the residents the name Effingham was also given to the street connecting Effingham Crescent with Folkestone Road, which was known as St. Martinís Street.

Egerton Road.
Although Kearsney Villas and Compton Lodge have existed here for many years. This turning off London Road River and boundary runís doesnít appear to have borne a name until about 1925. The only suggestions about itís origin is associated with the Quested family among whom the Egerton has long been a popular Christian name. There are records of the Questedís having been farmers in the district for well over a century. One was the tenant of Buckland Manor farm in 1820. His young daughter was decoyed away by a gypsy woman while playing in Crabble meadows. She was found 15 years later with gypsies in a hop garden near Maidstone.

Elizabeth Street.
Now reduced to a mere connecting road between Limekiln Street and Hawkesbury Street. Elizabeth Street was once quite an important thoroughfare where three religions denominations the Wesleyans the Roman Catholics and the Jews had meeting places. This like most of the area here is reclaimed ground. Originally Elizabeth Street an off-shoot from Limekiln Street terminated at the north west corner of Paradise Pent where about 1590 Mr. Thomas Lagges engineer for the harbour built a sluice and storehouse upon which was placed an effigy of Queen Elizabeth who had been more than 20 years on the throne.

Elms Vale Road.
The name Elms has for long been attached to this thoroughfare and the valley leading up to Hougham, and some fine elm trees are still to be seen along the valley at Chilverton Elms. A name plate on the flint cottage at the Folkestone Road junction still designates it as Elms Road. At the other times it has been known as Elms Bottom. After the dissolution of the Priory of St. Martins some of the corn lands in Elms Bottom passed through various owners until they became attached to the Manor of the Elms. Until late in the 19th.century there were only two properties in the valley, a farmhouse at the corner of the Stebbing Down footpath and Mr Henry Adams dairy farm further up the valley.

Elsamís Cottages.
This is a local name, which has now disappeared from our streets with the passage of time and the assistance of the war. Elsamís Cottages were a row of tenements in Dieu Stone Lane, which Mr. Richard Elsam built in 1820 with materials left over from the erection of the prison in Gaol Lane. Mr. Elsam a local builder is believed to have been the first surveyor a part time appointment then to Dover Corporation appointed after the establishment of Paving Commission in 1778. His best-known work has also disappeared as the result of the clearances made following the war the Round House that he built in Townwall Street for Mr John Shipdem the Town Clerk.

Endeavour Place.
This little off-shoot from London Road takes a name from a privateer called ì The Endeavour ìwhich was fitted out at Dover in 1746. The name of ìThe Old Endeavour Innî came from the same source.

Eric Road.
Eric was King of Northumbria, and foolishly went to war against the people of Kent .
Eventually he was killed in battle and his dominions annexed to those of Kent.

Erith Road.
For this name we must come down to very modern times. It was given it by a Quaker named Beale who came from Erith and built the house at the end of the road.

Ethelbert Road.
Ethelbert was another King of Kent, one of the converts of St. Augustine, and it is said by some people that he assigned St. Mary-in-the Castle to St. Augustine.

Exhibition Place.
Was a row of houses on the east side of Woolcomber Street, which were built in 1851 the year of the Great Exhibition in Hyde Park.

Farthingloe Road.
Takes its name from Farthingloe Farm, which in a deed of 1385 is spelled ìFfarnynglo.î This name is supposed to have been derived from Matilda de Ffarnynglo who held the Manor Court Farm at Farthingloe from the owner the Prior of Dover Monastery.

Fectorís Place.
In the middle of the last century the site of Dover gas works but now occupied only by a coal yard, was named after the Fector family, well-known Dover bankers, who owned property hereabouts.

Finnis Hill.
On this hill formerly stood the residence workshops and yard of Mr. Finnis (great grandfather of Mr. John Finnis of Brook House) till about 1830. When the name was painted up it was spelt with two S’s and another added after the apostrophe. Before the hill received the name it was called Upper Walton Lane the Lower Lane of that name being one leading from Strond Street to Limekiln Street. This was cleared away in one of the many alterations in the Pier District. Probably a man named Walton had his premises at the corner of the Lower Lane hence itís name.

Fishmongerís Lane.
This lane which is hardly known stands between King Street and Mill Lane. Near the entrance to this once stood Fishers Gate where the fishermen washed their nets in the river. Opposite the Lane was another Gate called Butchery Gate. Till1819 a part of this old gate of the town was used as a lock-up, and under it was a pathway leading to the sea-side, and horses and carts also went into the river near here, as they can only do nowadays at Charlton Green. In later years the Lane bounded on one side a small fish market. In an old rate book of 1665 many of the ratepayers are described as living in ìFishermanís Streetî but this place is now called Middle Row and is at the other end of the town.

Five Post Lane.
This lane joins Adrian Street and Snargate Street running down the side of ìThe Trocaderoî public house and it got the name because 5 posts were erected there to stop all but pedestrian traffic.

Florida Way.
Named after the American state of that name.

Flying Horse Lane.
Took the name of a public house, which for long stood here and had an interesting history. Originally known as the Fleur de Lis the name was changed when it became a Posting Station. Tradition has it that it was here that Richard Dawkes and others prepared the plot by which eleven local people seize the Castle for Cromwell during the Commonwealth. The guard was surprised and thinking the assault party to be more numerous surrendered. They themselves numbered only 20. The Castle remained in the hands of Parliament until surrendered to Charles II on his restoration. Cromwell visited the Castle while he was Lord Protector.

Folkestone Road.
Dover does not abound with roads, which give no obvious indication of their direction – there is no Canterbury Road or Deal Road. As a main route Folkestone Road is not ancient although there is a track to the Elms valley. As the main outlet to Folkestone it was formed in 1762 under the Turnpike Acts. The toll house stood near the existing flint cottages at the junction with Elms Vale Road and for some years before itís demolition in 1877 was a lollipop shop kept by George Rummery.

Fox Passage.
This is a narrow right of way between Townwall Street and St. James Street. It seems likely that it took its name from Mr. Thomas Fox a well-known local lawyer of the last century who lived at 2 Townwall Street.

Franklins Walk and Friars Way.
Two more of the pilgrims whose stories go to make up Chaucerís ìCanterbury Tales.î

Freemanís Cottages.
Were a row of four cottages behind the upper part of Biggin Street on the south side about where the General Post Office is now situated. They were owned in the latter half of last century by Mr. R. Freeman a tailor who re-named them. They having been previously called Reynolds Court. Mr. Freemanís shop in front of the cottages was on the site of an ancient farmhouse, which fronted the street and it is thought to have been the Priory Farm before the dissolution of the monastery. There was built into the front of Freemans Cottages a device in tiles, which included a pair of scales and three sheaves of wheat. It is thought that this may have come from the original farmhouse where it had been a symbol of just dealing.

Frith Road.
This road leads straight to a farm on the hill beyond the Castle called Frith Farm (pronounced by many people Fright). It used to be called ìLove Laneî before it was improved widened and built upon because it was a favourite walk of lovers in summer evenings. On the left hand side of this road is a portion of land known as ìThe Danes,î which was converted into a recreation ground in 1890. The road also leads to Copt Hill and Coombe Hole, both British words, the one meaning hill and the other meaning valley, so these two words carry us back in thought to very early days.

Gardinerís Lane.
This was the original name of Worthington Street and was so-called as early as the reign of James I although no family of that name appears in Dover histories. The route became Worthington Lane about 1800. The ìWorthingtonísí being a well-known family.

Gaol Lane.
This lane still exists uniting Queen Street with Market Square through the Gaol, which gave the name to the Lane, which was pulled down in 1830 having only been rebuilt on the site of the old one in 1820. On this Gaol was an iron rod ornamented with four fish, which moved when the treadmill was in use.

George Street.
The owner of the land on which this street is built named it after the Christian name of his foreman one George Fry.

Georgia Way.
Named after the cotton and tobacco producing American State.

Gloster Way.
Here again the immortal Shakespeare who helped to make famous the nearby cliff has given us a local street name. The Duke of Gloucester is one of the principal characters in ìKing Learî. It is he who speaks the famous line ìDost thou know Dover?î and it is to him that his son Edgar gives the even more famous description of Shakespeare Cliff
ìhalf-way down one that gathers samphire-dreadful trade! Me thinks he seems no bigger than his head the fisherman that walk upon the beach appear like mice.î

Godwyne Road.
Built in 1870 and named Godwyne after the Earl of Kent who was Governor of Dover Castle in 1057. He was a man with many possessions and had great power. His son Harold later became King of England

Gorely Almshouses.
This is another name worth mentioning even though it does not properly fall within the purview of these articles. The Almshouseís were founded in 1877 by Mrs Susan Gorley who lived at a farm between Ladywell and Wood Street.

Goshen Road.
The third road on the Astor Avenue estate which is named after a prominent Liberal politician of the second half of the 19th Century who parted from Mr Gladstone over the Home Rule for Ireland Question and later joined a Government formed by the Conservative Lord Salisbury who was himself associated with Dover as Lord Warden of the Cinque Ports from 1895 until his death in 1903.

Granville Street and Granville Gardens.
This name was given these two places in honour of Lord Granville the Minister of Foreign Affairs who was Lord Warden of the Cinque Ports from 1863-1888. The public gardens known by this name were laid out in 1877. The oval garden, which was there before that time for the use of dwellers in Camden Crescent being enlarged and given a name. Before Camden Crescent was built this piece of land was encircled with posts and chains and used as a Parade Ground. On Sundays a military band played here and when peace was proclaimed in 1814 it was here that Congreve rockets were fired off. The space was used by Wombell’s Menagerie and such like travelling shows. Old people tell of a polar bear who came as part of one of these shows being made so restless by smelling the sea that is owners had to move their booths further inland.

Great Street.
This was a short thoroughfare between Bulwark Street and Beach Street but so wide at one time that it was known as Great Square.

Grubbinís Lane.
Was the old name for Chapel Lane. It had then only one residence where Grubbins lived.
The name was changed when the Unitarian Chapel was built at the upper end about 1820.

Guilford Lawn.
One of the two pleasant open spaces, which formerly pierced the Marine Parade frontage. Guilford Lawn as with the remainder of the area was laid out on Harbour Board property. Guilford is a name, which has long been associated with Dover and particularly the harbour and port. As long ago as the middle of the 14th Century an Andrew de Guilford was Constable of Dover Castle and Lord Warden of the Cinque Ports. Sir Edward Guilford held these offices from 1521 to 1533 and had the duty of making arrangements for Henry VIII to embark at Dover for the Field of the Cloth of Gold. Coming to more recent times and to those who spelt their name Guilford a Lord Guilford was for many years a member of the Harbour Board and Frederick, Lord North afterwards the second Earl of Guilford was Lord Warden of the Cinque Ports from 1778 to 1792. Another Earl Guilford and probably the one who gave his name to this lawn was a leading man in the district when the Marine Parade area was laid out in the 1830ís. An amusing story is told of this Earl. He refused to attend the banquet given to the Duke of Wellington on August 30th 1839 in Priory Meadow because Lord Broughon had been asked to propose the health of the Duke. The Mayor sought to put matters right by asking Brougham when he arrived in the town to allow the Earl to perform this duty. But Brougham said that not only had he written his speech but had sent it to the newspapers! Later the Duke of Wellington called on Earl Guilford at Waldershare and told him of Broughamís action, which so amused the Earl that he forgot his grievance.

Halisfred Terrace.
This terrace of cottages in Lower Road obtained itís name by a fusion of the names of Mr. Fred Lewis who built them and his daughter Alice.

Hamilton Road.
In choosing names for the new roads on the Astor Avenue estate the corporation in two instances had recourse to names, which have appeared in an old map showing earlier proposed extension of Tower Hamlets. Most of the streets on this map were named after politicians and members of the Conservative Party and this one is believed to refer to the Duke of Hamilton.

Hammond Place.
This is part of Liverpool Street, but since the more correct numbering of the street the name was dropped out of use. It was given in honour of Mr. Hammond of St. Albans Kent, who was a member of the Harbour Board. Being land reclaimed from the sea as may be proved when foundations are dug in that locality for instead of earth or chalk beach stones are disclosed.

Hardwick Road.
The first Earl of Hardwick was son of Mr. Philip York, a much respected Attorney living in Dover in 1690. He became Lord Chancellor in the year 1737 and was then raised to the peerage.

Harold Street, Passage and Terrace.
For this name our townsmen went back to the olden days, and chose the name of the son of Earl Godwyne, whom he succeeded as Earl of Kent, and of whom mention has been made under the head of Godwyne Road. Prior to 1863 Harold Passage was known as Dee Stone Lane. Harold was the second Lord Warden to the Cinque Ports.

Hartley Street.
Is one of the small streets, which has been cleared from the Durham Hill area. Prospect House now the Prince of Wales Sea Training School, was built around the end of the eighteenth century by a Mr. Hartley who there established an academy for young gentlemen. Property at the rear belonged to Mr. Hartley and when it was built upon one row was named after him.

Harveyan Place.
This name was given when property at the upper end of Bridge Street was re-built about the turn of the century, but unlike Pauls Place and Matthews Place, Harveyan Place was not a separate thoroughfare but merely a terrace facing Bridge Street. Until 1840 the land was used by the Turnpike Trustees as a stone yard. The terrace took itís name from the ìAdmiral Harveyî public house, which has stood in Bridge Street though not in the same building for over a century.

Hawkesbury Street.
This Street was once part of the harbour and called ìParadise Pentî but in 1798 being only a useless swampy ground, it was properly drained and made into land more fit for building purposes. The name was given it in honour of the Lord Warden of the Cinque Ports at that time Lord Hawkesbury who afterwards became Lord Liverpool.

Herbert Street.
The owner of the land on which this little street was built gave the name of his servant Herbert when he was required to find a name.

Hewitt Road.
The family name of Hewitt is immortalised in the naming of a new residential road off Dour Street opened in 1980 Hewitt Road begins at the site of the old Hewittís Bakery. Mr. Bert Mills a miller who used to deliver flour to the Dour Street Bake House recalled how the building was destroyed during the last war. Jack Hewitt is the only surviving direct descendant of the Hewitt family still living in Dover, he is well known for his work associated with St. John Ambulance Brigade over many years.

High Street.
One of the nine changes of names to which the main street is subjected between the monument and Buckland Bridge. About 1400 it was known as Hole Street but about 150 years ago was called Charlton High Road.

Hillside Road.
Was a very appropriate but not a very novel name. Chosen when the houses on this steep hillside were erected at the end of the last century.

Hobart Crescent.
Tasmania’s contribution to the 1939-45 war is commemorated by giving the name of her capital city to this semi- circular road at the lower end of Buckland Valley estate. Tasmania is one of the commonwealth territories and also has a town named Dover.

Hole Street.
Was the name used as long ago as 1400 for what is now High Street.

Hubert Passage.
This passage from old St. James Church to Castle Hill was the old Canons path to the castle and presumably took the Christian name of Hubert de Burgh the famous Constable of Dover Castle who founded the Maison Dieu.

Hubert Terrace.
This was named in memory of the famous Hubert de Burgh who was twice the Constable of Dover Castle in the reigns of King John and Henry III. He was also Sheriff of Kent and the Lord Warden of the Cinque Ports. He bravely kept the Castle during a siege in 1216. And in the reign of King John he built the Maison Dieu so Dover people have cause to remember him. His portrait appears in several windows in the restored Hall of the Maison Dieu. He died in 1243 De Burgh Street is also named after him.

Johannesburg Road.
On the ìSouth Africanî section of the Buckland Valley estate Johannesburg Road and Natal Road both join Melbourne Avenue to Durban Crescent.

Kearsney Avenue.
Gets it name from the Kearsney Manor, which was formally part of the Barony of Saye being a Knights fee for the guarding of Dover Castle.

Kentucky Walk.
Another of the streets on the Buckland Valley named after American States.

Kimberley Terrace.
This was the name originally to the 32 houses on the right hand side approaching South Road of Douglas Road. They were built at the turn of the century a year or two before the houses on the other side of the street and were named after the diamond-mining district of South Africa much in the news in those days.

King Learís Way.
The association of Shakespeare Cliff and the area with the worldís most famous dramatist is further perpetuated in this name.

Kings Road.
Together with Queens Avenue this road was being laid out at the time when King George V and Queen Mary were celebrating their Silver Jubilee in 1935.

King Street.
And Kings Lane were terms used in Dover Deeds and charters in the Norman period. The name originated from the fact that from the Conquest and probably earlier the whole of the property thereabouts was held from the King. The adjoining lane now called Fishmongers was called Kings Lane. Before 1829 this street was only a narrow lane, with hardly room for two people to pass on the pavement.

Kitchener Road.
Named after Earl Kitchener of Khartoum whose military success in South Africa were still fresh in memory when this road was laid out.

Knights Way.
The Knights of Canterbury Tales.

Ladywell.
Ladywell.
In this road there was a well ìThe Well of Our Ladyî whose waters were supposed to be very beneficial in cases of sickness and said to work many cures. It was one of the chief water supplies of the town and pure Ladywell water was often sold in the streets to those who believed in itís virtue.

Lambton Road.
Lambton is the family name of the Earl of Durham whose seat is Lambton Castle but why it should have been used for this street in the Union Road district is not clear.

Last Lane.
This Lane has often puzzled people, for is not the last of the lanes leading from Market Square into Snargate Street, but the fact of the matter is that the name should be Lass Lane, for in it was a Public House with an elaborate sign-board called ìThe Lassî which was taken down about 1776 and this later became the ìCriterion Inn.î

Laureston Place.
Mrs Fector, the wife of the much-esteemed banker was a Miss Laurie, of Laureston N. B. and the property belonged to Mr. Fector who gave it the name. In old books of Dover this land is called ìUp-Market,î which modern critic suggest meant ìTup Marketî or the place where ìTupsî (young rams) were sold.

Leighton Road.
This road and Millais Road was laid out just before the end of the last century on what was till then Dover cricket field by Mr. W. J. Adcock a well-known local builder who was Mayor of the town in 1885 and again in 1890. Mr. Adcock did a great deal of work on Dover churches. He carefully restored old St. James Church built St. Bartholomews Church and helped in the enlargement of Buckland Church. He also built Castlemount and Leyburne House. The latter was for his own use and here he and Mrs Adcock entertained the Comte and Comtesse of Paris. During his Mayoralty he negotiated the purchase of the Danes Recreation Ground. It may have been his interest in the arts spurred by work on the local churches, which inspired him to name these two streets after famous painters, both of whom died at the time the roads were being built.

Lewisham Road.
This highway was not named as might be supposed after the London suburb. It is another street to which Mr. Fred Lewis gave a corruption of his name. It will be recalled that we recorded that Halisfredd Terrace was so called by amalgamation of Mr Lewisís christian name and that of his daughter Alice.

Leyburne Road.
Named after Roger de Leyburne one of the greatest Lord Wardens of the Cinque Ports, whose heart is preserved in a famous heart shrine in Leyburne Church.

Leyburne Terrace.
This terrace is another instance of the name of one of our Lord Wardens being called into requisition. He lived in the reign of Henry III and rejoiced in the name of Roger de Leyburne being a Knight of Leyburne Castle once in the possession of Odo Earl of Kent.

Lime Cottages.
This was a row of six cottages on Buckland Terrace with lime trees in front of them.

Limekiln Street.
Before the houses were built there were Limekilns at the base of the cliffs and in olden times the sea washed their base.

Liverpool Street.
This street was built in 1817 and named after R. B. Jenkinson Esq. who was Governor of Dover Castle and the Lord Warden of the Cinque Ports. He was raised to the peerage first with the title of Lord Hawkesbury and then of Lord Liverpool. His nephew R. H. Jenkinson Esq. was Lieutenant Governor of the Castle afterwards and had the honour of receiving Queen Victoria and her Royal Consort as his guest in 1842. Before this street was built it was a promenade and called Orange Walk probably given it to celebrate the fact of the Prince of Orange anchoring with his fleet close by in 1688 and perhaps landing and walking here for it is in history that he stayed in Dover one night. What are now the little back gardens belonging to the houses in Liverpool Street were within the memory of man a little stream which it was supposed added to the safety of the town in case of invasion. But when there was discussion about it being filled in and one of the party offered to jump it for five shillings it was proved to be no use and promptly filled in. Near the turning which joins Liverpool Street this stream was bridged over by a few boards for the convenience of the public and called Bunkers or Brungers Bridge whether Bunker was the tradesman who supplied the planks or the workman who put them down, history saith not.

London Road.
Is another of the many changes of name which, the main street undergoes between the Sea Front and the borough boundary and although it was the main turnpike route to London it was not the ancient outlet to the Metropolis. In ancient times the road from London left the line of the present route at Crabble Hill and entered the town near the old harbour under the Castle.

Longfield Road.
There appears to be no other reason for this name than there may in years gone by have been a meadow here under the hills, which was known as the Long Field. A little further on behind Maxton and Farthingloe the hill is known as Long Hill.

Lorne Road.
The Marquis of Lorne was M. P. for Dover from January 1762 until December 1766 when he was raised to the Peerage as Baron Sundridge. There was a Lorne Villa in London Road some years before the Lorne Road houses were built.

Lower Road.
Was probably so-called merely to distinguish it from the London Road River, which was often referred to as the Upper Road.

Lowther Road.
Parallel with Douglas Road and Wyndham Road this thoroughfare took the name of the Tory Member of Parliament for Thanet.

MacDonald Road.
Laid out just after the turn of the last century this street was named after a British General who made his name in the Boer War.

Magdala Road.
This road was laid out and built upon very soon after the Abyssinian War when Lord Napier as General had distinguished himself. And it was named in honour of him when he was given the extra title of ìMagdalaî

Maine Close.
Named after another of the United States of America.

Maison Dieu Place.
Was no doubt so-called from itís proximity to the Maison Dieu. When the houses here were built in 1860 Charlton Back Lane had not been re-named Maison Dieu Road so there was then no danger of confusion.

Maison Dieu Road.
This road is built through what used to be Maison Dieu Fields part of the ancient possessions of the Maison Dieu. Before houses were built there it was known as Charlton Back Lane.

Malmains Road.
The Malmains were a well-known Kentish family whose name appears in the old records of many parishes around Dover and further afield. They possessed many manors in Kent including Waldershare, Alkham, Elvington and Lenacre Court Whitfield. The original Manor house at Waldershare some distance from the present mansion was known as Malmains. A member of the family came over with William the Conqueror and his descendent William de Malmains was buried in St. Radigundís Abbey in 1224. Other owners of Lenacre Court included the Monins who gave their name to another road in the Maxton district

Malvern Meadow.
Until about 1930 this road just outside the borough boundary at Kearsney was considered part of Egerton Road. When it was named separately it took the name of Malvern House which stood in the woodland there for many years and was for at least 30 years before the First World War conducted as a ìschool for young gentlemenî by Mr. R. H. Hammond. Kearsney Sports Ground until recently known as Chittyís was the boys playing field. The house is still there but has been renamed ìCotswoldî

Mangers Lane.
Several Mangers lived in Dover in the 18th century but whether any of them owning property in the area gave their name to this land and the adjoining Mangers Place is unknown.

Manor Road.
Takes its name from Maxton Manor the ownership of which can be traced back to the time of Henry III, when it was held by Sir Stephen Mannequin for Knights service in the defence of Dover Castle. The Manor House set back from the Folkestone Road and occupied in the early part of the 19th century by the Worthingtons of Dover was recently demolished.

Mansfield Corner.
This is a name which has disappeared in lapse of ages but is one which occurs in old records of Dover and apparently was close to the Churchyard of old St. James Church and therefore near to the site of Eastbrook Gate. In one old record of 1625 mention is made of a watch house to be built here with all speed and the Market Bell to be hung up until the fear of danger shall be past. What this notice means we cannot determine nor do we know who Mansfield was.

Marine Parade.
Every seaside place must necessarily have its walk by the sea and there are therefore many Marine Parades around our coasts. Before this part of Dover was built upon in 1821 it was a dreary looking waste piece of land with nothing but rather tumble down sheds, herring hangs, boat houses, and a whitening manufactory. In this manufactory the grinding of the material was done by large dogs who turned a wheel.

Marinerís Court.
Was a small opening in Commercial Quay when this was lined with properties, which together with those of the seaward side of lower Snargate Street were removed after the First World War. The name needs no explanation.

Market Lane.
This was in early timeís part of the precincts of the Monastery of St. Martin-le-Grand, which some time after the dissolution became a Market Place.

Market Square.
This name needs no explanation for the market is still held there though the days have altered the market days used to be Wednesdays and Saturdays.
Until 1860 there was an old building called the Court Hall or Guildhall where all kinds of business was transacted such as is now done at the Maison Dieu. It consisted of a large room supported on grotesquely carved wooden pillars. On the front of the building the bye-laws were inscribed and under it were market stalls. After the Dover Fair was put down in 1874 there were a few extra stalls by the pillars where ìFairingsî could be bought. When the fair flourished the booths stretched from Queen Street turning on both sides of the road and also filled the Square. In 1825 the savingís Bank was established at the residence of Mr. Baker the secretary and in 1828 the dispensary was in the Square. In 1858 a Penny Bank was started for the boys and girls who paid their pennies to the managers at the Guildhall.

Market Street.
When the town was walled this road formed a connection between the Market Place and St. Martinís Gate, running under the northern wall of the monastery. The line of this street has recently been changed by carrying itís entrance to Cannon Street some yards northward of the old road. Just off this street old chalk coffins were unearthed in 1892 and again in 1956.

Markland Road.
Until about 1906 this street was called St. Martins Road. That served well enough while the school was almost the only building there. But when housing development increased some confusion arose with St. Martins Hill and St. Martinís terrace. A change of name was agreed and the choice fell upon a name associated with the Eaton family who were prominent in Dover in the eighteenth century. There is in St. Maryís Church a large memorial to Peter Eaton who died in 1769 erected by Mrs. Hannah Markland his cousin and heir.

Marlowe Road.
Another street in ìpoets cornerî on the Buckland Estate named after the Canterbury dramatist who some claim was really the author of the works attributed to Shakespeare.

Matthews Place.
One of the streets off the north side of Bridge Street rebuilt in the second half of the last century probably took its name from Alfred Matthews who built many of the houses in Godwyne Road and others in the town. He was elected to the Town Council in 1873.

Maxton Road.
Takes its name from the Manor of Maxton. In the 13th century the Lord of the Manor was a William Archer the chief of the 21 Dover master mariners who provided the 21 ships for the Kings Service and worked the channel passage.

Melbourne Avenue.
This one of the main thoroughfares on the Buckland Valley estate takes its name from the capital of Victoria and gave direct communication with most of the other roads on this estate, which bear Commonwealth names.

Michigan Crescent.
Another of the streets on that part of the Buckland Valley estate where the names of states and cities of the United States of America are employed.

Middle Row.
There are three little streets parallel to each other near the South Eastern Railway, and this is the middle one at the end of which stands the Sailors Home founded in 1855 by the Rev. W. Yate, and in it is St. Johns Marinerís Church erected in 1823 for independents.

Military Hill.
This road was made by the military when the fortifications and barracks on the heights were improved and enlarged to lead to the said barracks.

Military Road.
Was given its name when opened up about 150 years ago to give access to the new military installations on the Western Heights. Until then the area was agricultural land with access by a pair of giant gates opposite the end of Worthington Street for the convenience of the farmer who occupied the land and his barn stood in a field above York Terrace.

Mill Lane.
The name given to this lane is a very obvious one as it is bounded on one side by a large mill worked by our busy little River Dour. The mill being the eleventh which is worked by the same stream in itís three mile course from Watersend to the sea. This narrow thoroughfare connecting Townwall Street with Fishmongers Lane obtained its name from the old Town Mill recently demolished.

Minerva Avenue.
Minerva was the Roman Goddess of Wisdom but how she came to give her name to this road is unknown.

Millais Road.
Named like Leighton Road by the late Mr. W. J. Adcock after famous painters. Millais best-known work is probably ìBubblesî made famous by itís use for advertising soap.

Milton Close.
Another of the roads in ìpoetís cornerî of Buckland Valley estate.

Minnis Lane.
Is another of the approaches to River Minnis once common land.

Monins Road.
John Monins Lieut. Governor of Dover Castle held land in this area after the dissolution of the Priory of St. Martin. He also obtained the Manor of Charlton. Some of the land in Elms Vale remained in the ownership of the Monins family until the area was developed at the turn of the century.

Monks Way.
Although this off shoot of the old Buckland housing estate was not laid out until the end of the Second World War the association of the estate with the pilgrims was maintained.

Montreal Way.
One of the Buckland Valley estates roads named after Canadian cities.

Mount Pleasant.
Was the name of the uppermost road between Cowgate Hill and Military Road it joined the latter to Hartley Street. Throughout most of itís life as a thoroughfare surrounded by very modest dwellings the name must have seemed not very appropriate. But before developments began around here the beginning of the last century there were pleasant walks in this elevated district, which once looked down on the Mount Pleasant Bowling Green where officers of the garrison and local gentlemen enjoyed their sport.

Napier Road.
This is a name, which could have been used with local associations since David Napier was the owner of the ìRob Royî the first steam vessel to operate from Dover on the Cross Channel service. But in fact the road is named after the New Zealand city devastated by an earthquake in 1931 and re-built two years later. That city is also head quarters of the Hawkes Bay Regiment the allied regiment of the Prince of Wales Volunteers.

Natal Road.
Which joins Durban Crescent to Melbourne Avenue is named after the Natal Province in South America.

New Hampshire Way.
Another of the American states which includes a Dover within its boundaries. This in fact is the largest of a number of Doverís in the U.S.A. with a population of about 15,000.

Nevada Lane.
Another of the Pacific states of the United States of America whose names are so numerous on the Buckland Estate.

New Bridge.
The bridge now concealed by property on both sides was designated ìNewî when built in 1800 to distinguish it from the old Buggins Bridge a little further up the river. A better name might have been found for the road leading from the town over the river Dour to the sea. The bridge was constructed in 1800. Before this time the river was visible and in election times people were sometimes tossed over into the water by the way of a joke. The old bridge was constructed in 1618 out of good and sufficient hewed stones taken out of the decayed Church of St. Martin. The road then led to the Ordnance Buildings and Jells Rope Walk and Battery all on land reclaimed from the sea.

New Street.
This rather uninspired name was given to the street about 1785 when houses were built upon it. Previously it had the much more intriguing name appellation ìTurne-Againe Lane.î Both New Street and York Street were very ancient thoroughfares. Turne-Againe Lane is first mentioned on the endorsement of a document of 1540 but it probably existed before that as a connection between the Priory and the Kings Highway.

New York Rise.
Another of the American names on the Buckland Valley estate.

Noahs Ark Road.
The development of this road followed that of Wyndham Road, Douglas Road and Lowther Road at the end of the last century. It took itís name from Noahs Ark Dairy, which stood at the western end of the road. The dairy in turn was probably given the name because it lay under the hill known as Mount Arrarat. Noahs Ark Road follows the line of an ancient footpath to Whinless Down.

Norman Street.
This street being at right angles and close to the Norman Refectory of St. Martinís Priory it was appropriately named in this way showing that the builder recognised the work of the Normanís in the ruins near by.

Northampton Street.
There was no road here at all till this street was made but only the back gardens doors of Snargate Street houses out of which the owners could come at high tide and get into a boat as they do at Venice. At low tide there was mud and beach. Before the road was properly constructed it was always called Pent Side in common with the road further down the quay, which is now called Commercial Quay. The notice board of Pent Side Chapel still perpetuates the name. Northampton was a name given this road in remembrance of Henry Howard Earl of Northampton who was Lord Warden of the Cinque Ports in the time of King James I. He interested himself in the state of the Town, Piers and Harbour, and reported on the subject to the King who gave him the land near the Pier and Harbour. The Earl afterwards presenting it to the Harbour authorities. He died in Dover and was buried in the Church of St. Mary-in-the Castle but in 1696 his body was removed (owing to the ruinous state of the Church.) and taken to Greenwich Hospital Chapel, which he had founded.

Northbourne Avenue.
This is another of the names of prominent conservatives in this case the grandfather of the present Lord Northbourne chosen by Sir William Crundall when laying out a lower part of Tower Hamlets early this century. In this case however the intended road was never built. But when the Town Council later came to build the Astor Avenue estate they adopted this name as one having a local association.

Odo Road.
The name chosen for this road is one connected with very ancient Dover. Odo was half brother to William the Conqueror and was Bishop of Bayeux. He, unlike the Bishops of the present day took part in the warlike preparations of his brother, and even it is said fighting in the battle of Hastings. He became Earl of Kent and was nominated Constable of Dover Castle, ìThe Key of the Kingdomî He established himself in Kent and was so powerful that none dared oppose him.

Old Folkestone Road.
In the old days communication with Folkestone was mainly by sea. The land routes were through Elms Vale or over Swingfield Minnis, but there was a track used by packhorses along the cliffs from Folkestone and then by a track over the Western Heights to the Priory. Old Folkestone Road became a turnpike in 1763 but lost that status 20 years later when the new Folkestone Road was opened along itís present route.

Oregon Path.
On that part of the post-war Buckland Estate given the American names. Oregan is one of the states of the U.S.A between Washington and California.

Oswald Road.
St. Oswald was King of Northumbria from 625 to 642, and established Christianity among his subjects.

Ottawa Crescent.
Runs through the main part of the Buckland Valley Estate where the streets have been given commonwealth names. Ottawa itself being the name of both a city and a river in Canada.

Oxenden Street.
Is another of the Pier Districts streets, which have disappeared with the passage of time. It was on reclaimed ground and named after Sir Henry Oxenden, who was a member of the Harbour Board for 14 Years. Without payment Sir Henry undertook the direction of harbour works, rebuilt the north pier, designed and had built in his own carpenters shop at Broome Park, a bridge for the Crosswall, and when he was 80 completed a most successful system of sluices to drive away the shingle bar which always threatened to block the harbour. It is recorded that during these works he would often leave Broome Park at 4 a.m., inspect the work at Dover, return to Broome Park, and then after refreshment take a fresh horse and go to Dover again. Having again superintended the work he might then drive to Walmer Castle to dine with the Duke of Wellington or the Earl of Guilford at Waldershare. While he dined his coachman would return to Broome with the gig and fetch a closed carriage in which to drive Sir Henry home.

Palmerston Terrace.
Another of our Lord Wardens names has been used here, that of Lord Palmerston, who held the office from 1861-1865. When he was installed he mentioned in his speech that he was the 119th Lord Warden of the Cinque Ports. So we have a long list of names to choose from if we build more streets in Dover and wish to perpetuate the memory of the worthies.

Paper Alley.
Was the name given to some of the first houses built on the north side of Bridge Street about 1830. Although paper making was by then quite a thriving industry in the town, the nearest mill was some distance further up the Dour valley at Buckland, the connection appears to have been that here abouts the land belonged to Mr William Kingsford who had a oil cake mill at Charlton also owned a corn mill now Mannerings and a paper mill on the opposite bank of the Dour at Buckland. Mr Kingsford, who had Lundy House London Road, built for his own occupation the private bridge over the river beside Mannerings Mill to give better access to his paper mill.

Paradise Street.
Was one of those narrow streets of the old Pier District, which were built when Paradise Pent was reclaimed.

Pardonerís Way.
The pardoner in ìCanterbury Talesî a pardoner being one commissioned to grant papal indulgences or pardons.

Paris Yard.
Near the Grand Shaft was the first name of a short narrow street later known as St. Johns Place. It was built on land at the back of the yard of the old Paris Hotel. In later years it has been re-named St. Johnís Place

Park Avenue.
When the Dover Castle estate as it was called was first laid out in 1885, Park Avenue was the main artery between Five Ways and Connaught Park laid out only a year or two before. In view of the enthusiasm created by the new park and itís opening by the Duke of Connaught it was rather natural that the main approach should be called Park Avenue although there were already in existence a Park Street and a Park Place.

Park Street.
The naming of this street caused a certain amount of feeling when the houses were built in the 1860ís. The Town Council proposed reasonably enough, that the street should be considered an extension of Ladywell. But some who had bought property there objected because they had already got the name Park Street recorded in their deeds. They won the day. The name was not inappropriate since the land was part of the old Maison Dieu Park and itís aptness has since been increased by the fact that it now leads to Park Avenue and Connaught Park.

Parsons Way and Pilgrims Way.
Two more Buckland Estate streets named after the pilgrims of Chaucers ìCanterbury Tales.î

Paulís Place.
Is built on part of the land at the corner of London Road and Bridge Street, which for centuries was known as ìPaulís Corner.î In 1647 two acres of pasture land ìneere Paulís Cornerî was purchased by the Dover Almshouse Trust. When the Turnpike Act came into force ìthe cornerî was let to the Turnpike Trust for the erection of a Toll House and for use as a stoneyard.

Pear Tree Lane.
This is one of the old lanes, which have disappeared. It was a continuation of Five Post Lane into that part of Chapel Place, then known as ìAbovewall.î It took its name from a pear tree, which flourished there.

                

                                               Pencester Road.

Pencester Street and Road.
Named after Stephen de Pencester, who assisted Hubert de Burgh to defend the Castle against the Dauphin of France in 1216. Afterwards Stephen became Constable of the Castle. Also a nobleman of the name of Penchester held the post of Lord Warden in the reign of Edward III or Richard II. In 1880 it was ordered by the council that the name of Penchester Street be changed to Pencester Road.

Perth Way.
Is named after the capital of Western Australia, and is one of the turnings off Auckland Crescent on the Buckland Valley estate.

Peter Street and Paulís Place.
Are both in the Parish of S.S. Peter and Paul Charlton, and therefore are appropriately called after the Patron Saints of the parish.

Pierces Court.
Named after the owner of the property was a small off shoot from Last Lane where Dover’s first theatre operated between 1780 and 1790 when it was transferred to Snargate Street.

Pilgrims Place.
Was a row of old cottages in St. Radigundís Road long since demolished so-called after the pilgrims who in ancient times passed this way to St. Radigundís Abbey.

Pioneer Road.
Before the turn of the century the late Mr George Solly a well-known local builder purchased land here from Mr Murray Lawes. With the help from his son, Mr Solly laid out the road and built the houses and then seeking a name for his new street said ìletís call it Pioneer Road since we pioneered it.î

Pleasant Row.
This whole neighbourhood used to be called Mount Pleasant before it was so thickly populated, and it well deserved its name as it was a very pleasant airy spot with a fine view of the bay castle and surrounding hills.

Poulton Close.
On the Union Road council housing estate is named after the adjoining property, which comprises a parish having neither church, parson, nor public house.

Pretoria Terrace.
This was the first name given to this street now known as Brookfield Avenue. It was laid out at about the time of the Boer War and took the name of the South African town where the Boer leaders surrendered.

Prioress Walk.
This is another of the Buckland Estate roads which derived their names from the
ìCanterbury Talesî but there was a special reason for this particular street. Prioress Walk skirted what was to have been a childrenís play ground. There were only three women among Chaucerís pilgrims and it was felt appropriate that the name of one of them should be given to a road beside a part of the estate intended to be reserved for children.

Priory Gate Road.
Takes it name from the old gateway to the Priory still standing nearby within the Dover College precincts.

Priory Hill, Street, Road, Grove and Place.
Leads to or overlooks St. Martinís Priory now more commonly called Dover College. The old Benedictine Priory founded in the 12th century ìin the fields near Doverî ceased to exist in the days of Henry VIII and the buildings had been used by a farmer. In 1872 they were bought by a company and converted into a Collegiate School for Dover. The Priory is now of course the home of Dover College.

Primrose Road – Place
Is another of those in the Union Road area named after distinguished Army officers of the late nineteenth century. Major-General Primrose having made his name in the Afghan War.

Queens Avenue.
The Queen here commemorated is Queen Mary. The whole empire was celebrating the Silver Jubilee of her royal spouse King George V. in 1935 when this road and the adjoining Kings Road were being laid out.

Queen Elizabeth Street.
In 1878 it was proposed that the part of the town now known as the 40 Feet Road should be called Queen Elizabeth Street to go from Crosswall to Trinity Parsonage.
This is the remains of a square of that name which was partly pulled down during the construction of the London, Chatham and District Railway. Queen Elizabeth visited Dover in 1573 on her return from the Continent, and by the way of making herself agreeable to the people of Dover said that the ground on which she stepped when she landed was to be freehold, so the Pier District chose her name for one of itís squares and it also had a statue of her erected in another part. This is pictured in an old plan of the district and mentioned by Lieut. B. Worthington in his book on the Harbour improvements.

Queenís Gardens.
There is now nothing rural or even horticultural about this thoroughfare. But early in the nineteenth century this area was pleasant rural gardens belonging to the Gunmanís Mansion, which stood where Pencester Road now is. This ìgardensî are accounted for. But who was the Queen commemorated by this street is not so easy to decide. It was certainly not Queen Victoria for the street bore itís name before she came to the throne. A surgeon Mr George Dell owned the gardens after the Gunmanís and it is thought he may have named the street but which Queen he had in mind is unknown.

Queen Street.
The relative unimportance of road communications in olden times is well illustrated by the fact that this narrow thoroughfare was at least until the seventeenth century the main road to Folkestone, which proceeded via Cow Gate and Western Heights. It was by this road that Queen Elizabeth entered the town in August 1573 during her historic progress through Kent. That was one of the most glittering pieces of pageantry Dover has ever seen. Her Majesty was accompanied by the Archbishop of Canterbury, The Lord Warden of the Cinque Ports, the Cinque Ports Barons and all their followers as well as the ladies and knights in the Royal entourage. In honour of the Queen, the ladies were mounted on chargers adorned with rich pillion cloths of lace and embroidery. Altogether there were about 7,000 horses in the cavalcade. There were about a thousand distinguished people on horse-back and upwards of a thousand two wheeled wagons each drawn by six horses. Although once a ìmain roadî and despite itís central situation Queen Street has few ancient associations and is not mentioned in any old charters and deeds. No doubt though when a name became necessary the cavalcade, which passed that way in 1573 was borne in mind.

Randolph Gardens.
Lord Randolph Churchill was a prominent member of the Conservative Party in Parliament and was at one time Chancellor of the Exchequer. Mr Crundall the builder who planned this row of houses and upon whose land they were built was a true Conservative and wished to do honour to him.

Randolph Road.
Like Randolph Gardens a terrace of houses in Salisbury Road has acquired an additional local association since the day when it was named after Lord Randolph Churchill a prominent Conservative Parliamentarian of the 1880ís. The additional local significance is that his son is now Lord Warden of the Cinque Ports Sir Winston Churchill. Lord Randolph seems to have been particularly popular here for he also gave his name to Churchill Street.

Reading Road.
The Marquis of Reading was Lord Warden of the Cinque Ports from January 1934 until his death in December of the following year the period at which the Elms Vale estate was developing and this connecting link between Markland Road and Elms Vale Road was named after him. The Marquis of Reading was another Lord Warden who had been Viceroy of India. In his earlier days he was well known as Mr Rufus Isaacs K.C. He became Lord Chief Justice of England.

Regina Way.
Regina is the capital of Saskatchan and this street is another of those which join Melbourne Avenue and Green Lane and bear Canadian names chosen for their association with the Armed Forces, Regina being the headquarters of the Regina Rifle Regiment.

River Street.
Nothing needs to be said about this road, the derivation is so obvious, but it is interesting to note that the first cottages built there were for the workers of River Paper Mill who began the local Co-operative movement by forming River Co-operative Society in 1880.

Ropewalk.
Rope making, one time a local industry of some importance. The original Ropewalk was on the shingle bank, which now forms Marine Parade. Later it was established on Shakespeare Beach but this in turn was bought up in 1843 by the railway company and trains now cross the site when they emerge from Shakespeare tunnel. Having twice been displaced from the beach the rope manufactory moved on to firm ground below the Western Heights but very soon the business died out and the land became a recreation ground. But the name has stuck.

Round Tower Street.
This street used to be two towers on a wall of chalk and earth built by John Clark – Master of the Maison Dieu in Henry VII reign. The wall extended in a direct line from the Archcliffe Fort to South Pier Head and made a kind of safe little inner harbour for seamenís boats, which was so satisfactory that it required the names of
ìLittle Paradiseî or ìParadise Pent.î The Towers are shown in a picture of Henry VIII embarkation at Dover, which hangs in the Council Chamber. There was a part of one of the towers still standing as late as 1813. There were rings on the tower to which ships could be attached.

Ruffins Court.
This builder called this court after his own name not being an imaginative nature. He combined the sale of sheep’s trotters and tripe with his other occupations, and had a cart and horse in which he took his goods to a neighbouring
Villages. He was also bell ringer at St. Maryís Church. In this Court in the days of our grandfathers was a room, which was let to the ìeliteî of Dover for private theatricals. Another version of Ruffinís Court – I invite your attention to a little court in Princess Street, which has been honoured with the name Ruffins Court. Who was ìRuffins?î Those who do not know should be told that it was in this unpretending court that there lived Ruffin the sexton of ìold St. Martinís graveyardî over the way who about the date of the battle of Waterloo had a chat with Byron there concerning Churchillís grave and the poet afterwards put the conversation between them into verse.

Rugby Road.
This short passage connecting Manor Road to Folkestone Road was named at the suggestion of a resident who formerly lived at Rugby.

Ruskin Terrace.
Another of the streets in ìpoets cornerî on the post-war Buckland estate.

Russell Street.
Was built in 1831 when the Reform Bill was proposed by Lord John Russell and was the talk of the country. This street was built in 1831. It was planned to run further towards the sea.

Salisbury Road.
Lord Salisbury being the Prime Minister of England at the time the Castle Hill estate was laid out and built upon, the Conservative builder thought he could not do better than perpetuate the name of the Conservative leader of Her Majesty’s Government.

Saxon Street.
So called probably because it was close to Norman Street and leading to the Norman Refectory which rude style of architecture is sometimes confused with Saxon work.

Selborne Terrace.
This terrace in Clarendon Road was named after a famous lawyer Roundell Palmer Q. C. who in the year these houses were built 1872 was Lord Chancellor and created Baron Selborne.

Seven Star Street.
This is a narrow thoroughfare, which runs at the rear of Beach Street. This narrow row was for many years the dwelling place of mariners, and it is easy to suppose that ìSeven Star Streetî (at one time notorious in the town) was a marinerís fancy since fair Pleiades conspicuous in the midnight sky was a favourite guide to the sailor seeking a friendly shore.

Shrubbery Cottages.
Between Doddís Lane and Mangers Place probably took their name from
ìThe Shrubberyî better known between the wars as the Coleman Convalescent Home and now the residential quarters for nurses at the local hospitals. The Shrubbery is the oldest house in the neighbourhood having been built it is believed in the 18th century for Vice-Admiral Sir John Bentley the then owner of Buckland Manor.

Slip Passage.
This little street opposite where the Dover Express office was merged into the wider Snargate Street where there was a turning leading to ìThe Slipî where ships were repaired.

Snargate Street.
This did not as some have supposed take its name from Snar Gate in the old town wall. There was a Snargate Ward long before the gate was built in 1370. One plausible suggestion is that the word came from a snare which engineers may have devised to trap rubbish which came down the Dour and tendered to block the river mouth and the Pent into which the Dour discharged. Another version is that there was overhanging rocks above the street resembling a snare – to which added the gate that stood by Mr Grossmans and their you have Snargate Street.

Spring Gardens.
This name derives from a Chalyheate Spring discovered here in the early part of the last century probably from the same source of the well in Ladywell. Many years ago there was a brewery in this street.

Spring Place.
Was another of the streets laid out on the reclaimed Paradise Pent but now gone under improvement schemes. It was the site of a spring of fresh water, which discharged into Paradise Harbour.

Squires Way.
The Squire in Chaucers ìCanterbury Tales.î

St. Alphege Road.
St. Alphege succeeded Aelfris as Archbishop of Canterbury in 1006 when Canterbury was sacked by the Danes in 1011. Alphege was captured and refusing to pay a ransom was murdered at Greenwich the following year.

St. Andrews Terrace.
This name is now confined to the larger terrace of houses in Crabble Avenue, which in some respects is a pity. At one time the whole street was generally known as St. Andrews Terrace. The name Crabble although purely local and therefore very acceptable is already well represented by Crabble Close, Hill, Lane and Road. On the other hand St. Andrew gets no other acknowledgement in local streets, although St. Andrews Church approached from this road via Crabble Arch is the only existing Dover Parish mentioned in the Doomsday Book.

St. Catherineís Place.
This was one of the streets laid out towards the middle of the last century on the site at Charlton of St. Maryís Poor House. St. Catherine was an early Christian martyr who gave her name to the Catherine Wheel because it is said she was tortured on a spiked wheel before execution.

St. Davidís Avenue.
When a few years ago the corporation began to develop their new housing estate at Aycliffe it was decided to name the roads after saints associated with the United Kingdom. Walesís patron saint is thus commemorated here.

St. Edmundís Walk.
This is a short thoroughfare linking Biggin Street to Priory Road where the 13th century Chapel of St. Edmund stands. This chapel was restored in 1968.

St. Georgeís Crescent.
In the 14th century George became the patron saint of England and of the Order of the Garter his name was given to this road on the Aycliffe estate.

St. Giles Road.
When it was proposed to name new streets on the Aycliffe Estate after national saints of England, Wales, Ireland and Scotland, it was thought that confusion might arise with St. Andrewís Terrace if Scotlandís patron saint was called into service. St. Giles the Patron Saint of beggars, lepers and cripples, after whom St Giles Cathedral Edinburgh is named, was therefore chosen.

St. Jamesís Street.
So named because it leads directly up to St. James Church, the old one as we now call it. Until about the year 1856 the old rectory stood just opposite at the corner of Woolcomber Street making the road so narrow there that a white stone was placed against the Rectory wall to prevent carts in passing from striking the house. In our grandfatherís days St. James Street was the route taken by the coaches from Deal. One can hardly imagine four horse coaches dashing down that narrow street and turning a sharp corner into St. James Lane and thence into the Market Square. It was then the fashionable part the ìWest End of Doverî and there are remains in it of many of the good houses where the ìeliteî lived. Some of the houses at the lower end of the street are probably of the 13th or 15th century and are very picturesque. One of the houses has a curious ceiling in one room, with the letter E. and R. introduced into a pattern showing that the house was built in the days of Elizabeth Regina. The first Meeting House for Quakers was in the street opposite St. Margarets Place.

St. Johnís Road.
This short row of houses off Folkestone Road was built on land belonging to Lord Beaumont who was a Knight of the order of St. John of Jerusalem. At one time Lord Beaumont hoped to build a monastery on the land surrounding West Mount. When the road was first laid out it was intended taking it round behind the Folkestone Road houses but the remainder of the site was taken for the Ordnance Stores.

St. Lawrence Way.
The river, which forms the outlet of the Great Lakes and the boundary between New York State and the Canadian Province of Ontario gives its name to this street on the Buckland Valley estate.

St. Margaretís Place.
This neat little row of houses was built in the stone yard of one Mr Iodine a builder. He combined the office of schoolmaster at St. Margaretís-at-Cliff with that of builder and gave the name of that village to his houses.

St. Martinís Hill.
Still used occasionally by the older residents for that part of Folkestone Road from
the ìRed Cowî corner to Priory Station. This name is a reference to St. Martinís Priory, which formerly occupied a large area of ground where now, stands Dover College, Saxon Street and Norman Street.

St. Martinís Terrace.
St. Martin may be said to be the Patron Saint of the town and the scene where he is dividing his cloak to give half to a beggar forms part of the Coat of Arms of the Town and the Port of Dover. This terrace is close to St. Martinís Priory, which is better known now as the Dover College.

St. Patrickís Road.
St. Patrickís reported use of the shamrock as an illustration of the Trinity led to itís being regarded as the Irish national symbol. This road leads from Old Folkestone Road to St. Davids Avenue.

St. Radigundís Road.
Radegund (520- 587) was a Queen of France who renounced her crown. She was the daughter of Berthane who with his two brothers shared the Kingdom of Thuringia. One brother Hermanfrid murdered the others but himself was killed in battle. Radegund and her brothers were seized by the cruel Clotaine and although he already had four wives, he forced her to marry him. Clotaine, whose rule eventually spread to part of Germany and who even extracted a tribute of five hundred cattle from the men of Romney Marsh, burnt alive his own son and when he murdered Radegundís brother she fled and took the veil. In Poitiers she founded a Nunnery and later the Monastery of Our Lady of Poitiers. St. Radigundís Abbey outside Dover was built in 1191 and until the dissolution of the Monasteries by Henry VIII christian teaching and culture as well as the practice and development of crafts was spread through the countryside by the monks who built the churches of St. Andrew at Alkham and St. Mary at Capel. St. Radegund is twice depicted in the stained glass windows of the Chapel of Jesus College Cambridge. One shows her in monastic garb with the crown of France lying at her feet. The other shows her standing amid growing corn. This is reference to a legend that when she was escaping Clotaine she came to a field of young oats which immediately sprang up to hide her from her pursuers.

Stanhope Road.
Stanhope is a well known Kentish name the Earldom of Stanhope having been cremated in 1718. Captain R. H. Stanhope R.N. a member of this family was M.P. for Dover in 1831.

Stembrook.
A large mill at the entrance to this little road ìstems the brookî or river in its course to the sea, and the word takes us back to the time when there was no Castle Street or in fact any road at all. The only access for carriage traffic from Charlton to St. James Street via the town was through a water-splash where Stembrook now joins Castle Street and then by road crossing Dolphin Lane into St. James Street. Castle Street was planned and the river therefore arched over in 1832 doing away with the primitive arrangements.

Strond Street.
This is no doubt a mis-spelling of the word Strand for when the sea washed up to the foot of the cliffs (where Snargate and Limekiln Street now are) this part would be the Strand or Shore.

Taswell Street.
This street is built on land, which at one time belonged to a Captain Taswell.

Tavenorís Lane.
Samuel Tavenor at the time of the Commonwealth was a captain of a troop under Cromwell. He came into possession of land just of Market Square, which had formerly belonged to the Monastery of St. Martin-le-Grand. He had a house there. Captain Tavenor who was converted by the Baptists, was imprisoned in the Castle for his faith and upon release, became pastor to the Dover congregation. In 1692 he obtained a licence for his house to be used as a meeting house and he ministered there until his death in 1696. The Baptists continued to meet in his house until 1745.

Texas Way.
Leads from Green lane to Roosevelt Road on the Buckland Estate and takes its name from the cotton-producing south-west state of the U.S.A.

Templar Street.
Brings a reference to the fact that the Knights Templar had a church on the Western Heights.

Tennessee Vale.
Is another of the Buckland Valley roads named after an American State.

The Esplanade.
Now contains only a few commercial buildings, at its extreme end the main block that included the Esplanade Hotel having been demolished following war damage. The houses were built in 1833 a little later than Marine Parade but the year before Waterloo Crescent.

The Linces.
This was the only street on the new Buckland Valley estate, which really has local associations. It is taken from a name given to land in this area on large scale ordnance maps. In Anglo Saxon times a Hlinc was a hill, and a Lynchet a strip of grass-land between cultivated fields where there were no hedges.

The Paddock.
The adoption of this name for the small cul-de-sac off Maison Dieu Road is a reminder that little more than a century ago the whole of this area was agricultural land. Just after the opening of Eastbrook Place ìinto the fieldsî in 1830 the land hereabouts was offered for building sites but there were no takers. An effort was made to buy or lease the whole area as a public recreation ground and botanical gardens, but there was insufficient public spirit to bring the idea to fruition. What were known as promenade and subscription enterprise for a while on the rising ground to the east of Maison Dieu Road. In the meantime the Town Council took in hand the opening up of Maison Dieu Road and Mr. William Moxon, the contractor for the town drainage and Western Heights fortifications built Brook House for himself. The row of houses now known as The Paddock stands on what was the paddock of Brook House.

Thorntons Lane.
Town Wall Lane was probably its original name, The Rev. Monge Thornton (1549) was the first regularly appointed Minister in charge of St. Maryís Church and it is possible that he or the church may have held some property in the lane.

Tinkers Close.
Through the many centuries of the history of Dover Castle and long before the new Castle Hill was made there was a piece of sloping ground between the present Laureston Place and Ashen Tree Lane where a market was held for the supply of the soldiers of the Garrison. The peddlers and tinkers who frequented the market gave it the name, which lingered long after the market had ceased to be held.

Toronto Way.
When it was decided to give Commonwealth names to certain roads on the Buckland Valley estate preference was given as far as possible to names which had some local associations such as the war of troops from particular parts of the Dominions. In the case of Toronto Way one of the smaller terraces on the estate which had not been laid out for vehicular traffic the name was taken from the capital of the Canadian Province of Ontario which is also the headquarters of the Queens Own Rifles of Canada the allied regiment of the Royal East Kent Regiment. (The Buffs).

Tower Hamlets Road.
This road which was known as Black Horse Lane until 1866 leads to the district known as Tower Hamlets a name originally given to this portion of land rather as a joke. The owners of Brickfields up there Messrs J. and S. Finnis built a tower as a base of a mill for procuring water and said ìletís call this place Tower Hamletsî and that name was adopted. The ìrealî Tower Hamlets was a thickly populated part of London and at the time of which we are speaking there were no houses at all in the Dover Tower Hamlets. The Brickfield Tower still remains though for many years it has been converted into a dwelling.

Tower Hill.
Like Tower Hamlets took its name from the old water tower which before the developers of the past 100 years was the only distinguishing feature of the area.

Townwall Street.
Within the memory of man much of the old Town Wall was visible on the south side of the street. It was well to give it this name to mark the boundary of our ancient town for future generations, for when houses were built the old wall was pulled down and no trace left above ground of the old solid masonry. Part of the materials was used in building Kearsney Abbey in 1821. It was also a quarry from which materials were taken for a good many other buildings in the town.

Trafalgar Place.
Was the name of a row of cottages at the foot of Priory Hill, which were built at the time of the battle of Trafalgar.

Trevanion Street.
One John Trevanion came as a visitor to Dover in the last century and much interested himself in the welfare of the town. He arranged and kept up his own expense a school for the education of fifty poor boys in Council House Street. He lived in Dover many years and was our representative in Parliament several times. He died in 1810 and was buried in a vault in old St. James Church where there used to be a tablet which bore a long inscription setting forth his virtues in glowing terms.

Under-Cliff Cottages.
Three little cottages, which with another were known as Colliery Cottage, nestle in the cleft of the Chalk Cliffs at Shakespeare Halt.

Underdown Road.
Two of the Underdown family were Mayors of Dover in the eighteenth century. Thomas in 1731 and 1733 and Vincent in 1743 and 1745 the latter being expelled from the corporation during his second term of office for absenting himself from meetings. Whether the family gave their name to this road or whether it was merely so-called from being under the downs is unknown.

Union Road.
Three times this word appears in Doverís Street and each time with a different signification. This road is so called because it leads to the Union or Workhouse now used as Buckland Hospital for Dover and Districts adjoining.

Union Row.
So called because it is the connection or union between Military Road and Bowling Green Hill.

Union Street.
Old people still call the road, which connects the esplanade with Strond Street by this name though the houses which formed the street have been demolished at different times when alterations were made in the harbour and docks. The hotel, which once stood at the end of the road and was called Union Hotel, gave the name to the street. Before this it was called Snargate Street over the sluice.

Vale View Road.
Indicates the magnificent view, which could be obtained from the upper part of this road before the Elms Valley became so much built up.

Valley Road.
Is another of those, which has received the obvious if uninspired name as one of those in the basin of the pretty Dover valley.

Vancouver Road.
Is another of the turnings off Ottawa Crescent but goes to the western seaboard of Canada for its name. The Vancouver Regiment was among those who served in World War II and whose personnel were seen in this district during that war.

Victoria Crescent and Row.
These unpretending houses were built about the time that Her Gracious Majesty Queen Victoria came to the throne the builder evidently being a loyal man and thinking that he could not do better than give her name to the houses.

Victoria Park.
Was laid out and named in 1864 when Queen Victoria had already been 27 years on the throne. It occupies land formerly known at Stringers Field between the old and the new roads to the Castle.

Virginia Walk.
From Boston Rise to Georgia Way on the Buckland Valley estate is named after the famous tobacco producing state of America

Wall Passage.
Was a narrow lane containing three or four cottages, which ran from St. James Street to Townwall Street. It may have got itís name from itís proximity to the old town wall but more likely from that wall having been the quarry for stones from which the cottages were built – a not unusual procedure up to the early part of the last century.

Washington Way.
On the ìAmericanî portion of the Buckland estate is named after the capital city of the U.S.A.

Waterloo Crescent.
This was begun in 1834 but the great battle of Waterloo was still fresh in the peopleís minds partly owing to the fact of the Iron Dukeís presence in and about Dover. The crescent is built on land, which was occupied by extensive rope walks owned by a man named Jell. The date of the start of the buildings was in 1834 and the famous battle was still fresh in peopleís minds especially as the Duke of Wellington was often in Dover.

Water Lane.
Connected Elizabeth Street with the old Harbour Station. After Paradise Harbour was re-claimed and used as building land a fresh water spring, which formerly flowed, into the harbour was diverted along the line of this lane and emptied into the tidal dock at the Crosswall. This miserable little lane was so often flooded when a high tide affected the water in the harbour that this name was given it owing to the amount of water often in it. Dover Fire Station was at one time in this lane.

Weavers Way.
Named after the weaver whose story is another of those in the ìCanterbury Talesî

Wellesley Road.
Arthur Wellesley Duke of Wellington after his military career was appointed Lord Warden of the Cinque Ports in 1829 and took a great deal of interest in the affairs of Dover Harbour although he never bothered to be installed as Lord Warden. The first name for the terrace of houses, which faced Granville Gardens and was later transformed into the Grand Hotel.

Wellington Gardens.
This terrace of old peoples houses in Sheridan Road takes the name from the Duke of Wellington out of the capital of New Zealand. Thus together with a number of other streets on the Buckland Valley estate such as Vancouver Way Auckland Crescent and Hobart Crescent is commemorated the part played by the commonwealth in the war.

Wellington Passage.
Now disappeared this short lane joined Snargate Street to Northampton Street and was yet another instance where the Duke of Wellington gave his name to a local public place.

Whinless Road.
This cul-de-sac off Union Road takes its name from between there and Elms Vale known as Whinless Down. Whin is an old name for gorse and Whinless Down meant a hill, which was bare of gorse.

Widred Road.
This road was named after Withred King of Kent who in the seventh century did a lot of building in the town of Dover and he founded the old Church of St. Martins.

Winant Way.
Forms with Roosevelt Road two sides of the triangle on the Buckland Estate within which all the streets have American names. John G. Winant was American Ambassador to Great Britain during a large part of the war period and although there is no record of him having visited Dover. Mrs Winant was here on July 22nd 1942. Her name appears in the Distinguished Visitors book at the Town Hall just below that of Archbishop Temple who came on July 5th. On the opposite page are the signatures of Sir Winston Churchill, Mr Averill Harriman, Mr Stimson (the United States Secretary for war.) Dr. Hewlett Johnson, Mrs Roosevelt and Mrs Churchill who all came in October that year.

Winchelsea Street.
This name is another instance of a Lord Wardens name being used for our streets. In the reign of Charles II we read of one George Finch Earl of Winchelsea as being Lord Warden of the Cinque Ports. A descendant of his married daughter of Edward Rice Esq. our representative in Parliament in 1837.

Windsor House.
This is another of the modern blocks of council flats at Durham Hill named after Royal Dukes in this case the former King Edward VIII.

Winnipeg Way.
Is another of the Buckland Estate roads, which bear Canadian names, associated with troops who were stationed in Kent during the 1939-45 war. The Winnipeg Light Infantry are allied to the Durham Light Infantry.

Wood Street.
It might be reasonable to assume that the thoroughfare was so called because it leads to the timber yard where Messrs William Crundall and Co. had there yard for almost a century. But in fact the area had long before that, been known as Woods Meadow. Earlier on the area now occupied by the timber yard stood Dickinsonís Paper Mill. This incorporated a tower with a clock having four faces, which could be seen from all parts of Charlton. Mr. R. Dickinson built for his own occupation a residence that now forms the nurseís home at the Royal Victoria Hospital buildings. It was then known as Brook House.

Woodís Place.
In the nineteenth century the Woods were some landowners in the Buckland and Crabble district. Mr William Woodís residence at Crabble Corner being the only habitation in Crabble Meadows.

Woolcomber Street.
This little street was built on land, which had gradually been formed since 1500 when an old harbour situated here had became useless. Before houses were built the lower part of the street was occupied by Saltpans where the sea water was evaporated by different processes and salt made. Long after these works had been done away with the spot was called ìSalt’sî or ìSaltpansî In the days when a great deal of smuggling was done in Dover there was a portion of this where smugglers hoards were put and ingeniously covered with piles of sand and rubbish, the sand being brought on the back of donkeys who had to cross a little bridge which spanned a small stream flowing towards the river. Opposite the smugglerís hiding place on the ground now occupied by Busseyís coal store the Quakers had a burying place till 1830. The rest of the street consisted chiefly of premises for wool-combing belonging to wool merchants in the town. When the industry was no longer carried on in Dover and houses were built the name Woolcomber was given to the street.

Worthington Lane.
The premises of some wool-staplers of this name nearly filled the Lane at one time and caused it to be called by the name of Worthington. They were a large family living in Dover one being a wool stapler the other the owner of the Ship Inn and wine vaults in Snargate Street, and another was a Lieutenant in the Royal Navy who devised plans for improving the harbour making an elaborate model to show what he thought was needed and writing a book on the subject. There are tombstones of some of the family in St. Maryís Churchyard close to the passage known as Standens Passage.

Wycherley Crescent.
Another English dramatist, William Wycherley (1640-1715) is commemorated by this short street in ìpoetís cornerî or the upper part of the Buckland Valley estate.

Wyndham Road.
The first built of the streets laid out by Sir William Crundall during the second stage of developing Tower Hamlets this road was named after the then M. P. for Dover the Rt. Hon. George Wyndham. He succeeded as local M. P. Major A. G. Dickson who is commemorated in the nearby Dickson Road. This then is the fifth street in the area named after Kent Members of Parliament (Major Dickson and Lord Astor one from St. Augustines Division. (Mr Douglas) and one from Thanet (Mr Lowther).

York Street.
In an earlier edition it was suggested that this road was named after Philip Yorke one time Town Clerk of Dover who became Lord Hardwicke and Lord Chancellor of England. Doubt has been cast upon the accuracy of this statement and the final ìeî to the familyís name lends it weight to the doubt. Originally the street was called Priory Lane. Then it became known as the Black Ditch because a stream there carried away the storm water from the Western Heights and the surface water from houses between the lane and Cowgate. A row of cottages there was known York Terrace long before York Street was adopted as the name for the whole length of the street. Many years ago a York Hotel stood towards the seaward end of Union Street and it seems probable that the name for both the hotel and the street derived from the fact that James Duke of York, later James II was Lord Warden of the Cinque Ports in 1683 and as such was very popular in Dover.

Youdenís Court.
A builder and mason of this name gave his name to this court (see St. Margaretís Place.) The name is nowadays spelt Uden and there are several families in Dover bearing that name. Recently demolished in connection with the changes in Market Street.

Joyceís Jottings.

Proposed New Street.
June 1871.
The board has been asked to sanction the name of Neville Road for a proposed new block of buildings leading out of Pencester Street. The Mayor explained that the Lord Wardenship of the Cinque Ports had once been held by a Neville. It was determined that nothing more appropriate than Neville Road could be suggested.

Neville Road.
The surveyor reported favourably upon the plans furnished by Mr. E. W. Fry for the laying out of Neville Road Pencester Street.

New Roads on the Castle Hill Estate.
December 16th 1876.
The Mayor suggested that the roads on the Castle Hill Estate should be named Godwin Road – Montford Road and Leyburne Road and that the road in front of the Model Cottage should be called Clinton Place. Councillor Jones seconded the proposal, which was unanimously adopted.

Street Nomenclature.
24th March 1871.
At the request of the Mayor the Town Clerk was directed to communicate with Mr Matthewís requesting him to change the name of Guilford Terrace, as there was already a Guilford Terrace in the town.

Un-Named Streets.
January 20th 1866.
A couple of streets at Tower Hamlets at present unnamed were referred to by the Town Clerk and it was ordered that the streets in future be called East Street and West Street.

Tower Hamlets derived itís name from the fact that Tower Hamlets Volunteers were biveted in St. Bartholomewís School for 10 days every Easter.
Naming Of Streets.
1861.
It was determined that the Charlton back road from the corner of Eastbrook Place to Charlton Green should in future be known as the Maison Dieu Road and that the new street which will extend from the western end of Dour Street into the Maison Dieu Road should be called Crafford Street.
Mr. Hills suggested the grouping of various streets and terraces that were in a single line of thoroughfare. He cited as an illustration of the necessity of adopting such a course, Castle Street where there were no less than four number twoís. Other members pointed out other parts of the town where similar confusion arose from the same evil and it was understood that some order should be brought up at a future meeting for the Boards approval

Penchester Street.
1862.
On some plans to build in Penchester Street being brought up and some members are asking to be informed to what circumstances the street was indebted for itís name the Town Clerk said it was the Earl of Penchester who relieved the Castle when it was besieged by the Dauphin of France and that a nobleman of the same name held the post of Lord Warden in the reign of Edward 111 or Richard 11.

Names of Streets.
1865.
The Town Clerk said he had been in communicate with the secretary of the Freehold Land Society with respect to the names of the streets on the Eagle Estate and subject to the Boards approval the following names had been determined upon – Wightred Road, Edred Road, Odo Road and Tolbert Road.
The Town Clerk also suggested that the road leading out of London Road near the brewery of Mr. Kingsford should be called Union Road and that the road a little further on leading to St. Radigundís Abbey should be called St. Radigunds Road. The Board approved of the whole of the suggestions and ordered that the names proposed should be given to the places described.

Black Horse Lane.
March 23rd.1866.
The Town Clerk gave it as his opinion that Black Horse Lane was not a ìEuphonious Cognomenî and suggested that the place should be called something else. The suggestion was not taken up.

Street Nomenclature.
March 30th 1866.
The Town Clerk having at the previous meeting of the Board submitted the property of giving to Black Horse Lane Charlton, a more ìEuphonious Cognomenî it was now determined that it should be called in future Tower Hamlets Road.

Why Bakers Alley?
18th December 1952.
Recent reference to Bakers Alley (which is the passage leading from Tower Street to Tower Hill) has provoked a letter from Mrs M. Goodburn of 14 Wellington Gardens she sayís that originally it was called Slip Alley but about 68 years ago a widow came to live in the end house and opened her front room as a sweet shop. All the children knew her as ìOld Granny Bakerî hence the name. She was a very firm old lady but loved the children. Every May Day the neighbours and she used to make a garland and hang it across the street and after school the children would dance under it.

Magdala Road.
August 21st.1868.
An interesting discussion ensued upon the derivation and pronunciation of ìMagdala.î The Deputy Town Council Clerk laid it down that it should be pronounced with the second syllable long, ìMagdawlaî and the Mayor suggested to Mr Knocker, with his finger upon his nose that the word itself was probably a corruption of Magdalene.

Street Nomenclature.
March 19th. 1869.
A letter from persons carrying on business at the back of Waterloo Crescent drew attention to the fact the road was not named but the board considered it was sufficiently well known as the back road of Waterloo Crescent and determined to make no alteration.

Street Nomenclature.
January 13th. 1871.
The town clerk read a recommendation to the effect that the roads recently laid out near Folkestone Road should be named Clarence Road, Dorset Road & Shepway Road respectively and the suggestion was adopted.

Street Nomenclature.
July 21st 1871.
A letter and plan from Mr. Kingsford suggesting Erith and Oswald as names for some new streets recently laid out by him at Buckland were received.
Councillor Lewis thought it a pity that the names commonly in use at the present day were not more frequently selected for the designation of streets and places in the borough, instead of Saxon and Norman names that had gone out of use for centuries.
Councillor T. Robinson who was Oswald. (A laugh)
Councillor Lewis believed he was a Saxon of some notoriety, but he doubted whether it was worthwhile to perpetuate his name in a row of modern tenements.
The Mayor (who appeared to speak more in sorrow than in anger) feared that Councillor Lewis composition was not sufficiently imbued with archaeology. For his own part he thought it much more advisable that such names as these should be given to a new buildings than to bring before the public another batch of Catherine Place or St. Maryís Street. Councillor Lewis was looking to a practicable utility rather than to the euphonious or the archaeological and he thought it a pity that efforts should be made to disinter the crawk-jaw names of our ancestors when those in everyday use were so much more intelligible to the unlearned and withal so much more easily got at. (A laugh)
The Mayor repeated his options that the names of Erith and Oswald were suitable for the purpose and no amendment being offered they were adopted.

Street Nomenclature.
August 2nd. 1872.
Councillor Clark drew attention to the fact that one side of the street leading from the Town Hall to the Red Lion was badly designated as Priory Place and improperly numbered and it was ordered that in future known as Priory Road and numbered consecutively.

A New Name for a Street.
Dover Express 18th February 1878.
Alderman Pierce proposed that the part of the town now known as the 40 feet road should be called Queen Elizabeth Street to go from Crosswall to Trinity Parsonage. Councillor Dickinson seconded and it was carried.

Road Ahead.
Dover Express 12th March 1999.
The road serving the Kearsney Nursery off Chilton Way, River has been named Sanctuary Close.

Street Nomenclature.
August 30th 1878.
A letter was read from the Royal Engineers Office stating that the war department was completing the names of the roads at the heights and as there appears no distinct name for that piece of road past Archcliff Fort it was suggested to call it Archcliff Road or Archcliff Avenue. No decision was arrived at.

Archcliff Road.
September 13th 1878.
It was agreed that the above should be the name of the road leading from Archcliff Fort to Shakespeare Cliff.

Street Nomenclature.
December 19th 1879.
The Town Clerk brought up a list of places having no names for the consideration of the council. The first was the road at the back of Buckland Gas Works leading to the Primrose Hall to St. Radigunds Road.
He (the Town Clerk) proposed to call the thoroughfare Maidstone Road. In reply to the Mayor the Town Clerk said he had no special reason for selecting that name.
Councillor Kingsford suggested the name Primrose Road and that was adopted and an adjoining locality was to be called Primrose Place.
The next place name was a short thoroughfare from Townwall Street to the Parade. That was ordered to be named Wellesley Road.
The road from the top of Castle Street to the top of St. James Street was named Claremount Place.
The passage leading up the side of St. James Church was named Hubert Passage.
The cross streets from St. James Street to Dolphin Lane adjoining the Gasworks Yard was named Phoenix Lane.
A passage on the London Road near the Endeavour Inn was called Endeavour Passage
The road behind the Bull Inn Buckland was named Brookfield Place.
The road by the Three Cups at Buckland was called Dodds Place.
The road at the back of Buckland is to be called Barton Road.
Tower Hamlets Road is to be continued over the railway bridge.
The thoroughfare leading from Folkestone Road to Clarendon Street by the Engineer Public House is to be called Malvern Road
The road leading up to Winchelsea Street to be called Winchelsea Road.
Councillor Robinson asked what steps inhabitants should take to have the name of a thoroughfare altered. He thought a good many of the inhabitants of Pencester Street would like the name changed to Pencester Road as it was not a street in the ordinary acceptation of the word. The Town Clerk said the proper course would be for the inhabitants to send a memorial.

New Street Tablets.
May 28th 1880.

There are tablets and tablets – for instance street tablets and memory tablets and there seems to be a connecting link between them. The new tablets, which Mr. Chamberlain has been erecting in Dover by order of the Town Council seems to be the heads of so many chapters in local history. I was walking in the streets the other day when a gentleman said, ìWhat an extraordinary name for this long street of yours has? What does it mean? Mean! Said I with some surprise for his ignorance. ìWhy it means Snargate Street and all that is in it.î Why you must be a stranger not to know what Snargate Street means why it means the Express Office 185 near the top, it means Mr. Elgar the butcher, Mr. Falconerís the champion cutter, the Wellington Hotel, Pettitts Bee Hives, Frazers Artist Materials, Taylorís Hats, Jarretts Clothing, the Apollonian Hall, Courts, the Post Office, Becker the Town Crier, the Grand Shaft, Kings News Shop, Thorps Noted Beef and Holts celebrated Electricity and Barometers shop.

Ha Ha chimed in the stranger I know all that. I saw Taylorís hat with a little fellow dancing upon it on one of Willings posting stations at the South Eastern, the persevering deaf boardís man pushed one of Jarretts bills into my hand. I could not help noticing Thorps neat place, Holtís electric bell was striking the hour as I passed and I brought a newspaper at Kings just before I went up the Grand Shaft from the top I could see Pettitts bees busy with the cliff flowers. But, queried the stranger ìI want to know what you mean by the name Snargate. Then I told the stranger something, which I had read in a guide-book about the over-hanging rocks above the street resembling a snare- to which added the gate that stood by Mr. Grossmanís and there you have it Snargate Street.

Thereís New Bridge! Whereís the bridge. When was it new? The bridge is just at the top of Northampton Street and although there is no outward sign of it the Dour passes under the road there and probably some day when a big sensation is needed a heavy traction engine may smash it in and although it is called ìnewî it is really old for only a few of the oldest inhabitants can recollect the time when Dover meandered through the shingle, and you had to tuck your trousers up to get over to the beach and the rope-walk which formally occupied the site now monopolised by Waterloo Crescent. Now not only is this bridge not new but I learn the materials of which it was built were those of the old Three Gun Battery that occupied the site of Cuff Brothers, the Library.

Facing about the name Bench Street suggest the enquiry what Bench. The Borough Bench. If that be the meaning it must be a misnomer for not one of the occupants of that place of political distinction resides in that thoroughfare. Again I have dipped into an old book and I find that in olden times the Wall of Dover skirted the sea end of Bench Street and there at Severusís gate sat a Dover Matthew at the receipt of custom everyday at noon. Times changed and the falling off of trade and the increase of smuggling reduced the seat in question to state, which was derisively termed ìThe Pennyless Bench.î The old name is still retained but the name pennyless cannot now be applied for. Is not Mr. Penny engraver one of itís occupants?

Then thereís Townwall Street, so called I imagine because it for a considerable distance skirted the ancient Wall of Dover.
A little further there is King Street turning up on the left there is Queen Street at the top of which is on the right is Princess Street. Now without troubling you to seek out ìthe rest of the royal familyî I invite your attention to a little court in this Princess Street, which has been honoured with a tablet; it is Ruffins Court. Who is Ruffin? Those who do not know should be told that it was in this unpretending court that there lived Ruffin the sexton of old St. Martinís grave yard over the way, who about the date of the Battle of Waterloo had a chat with Byron there concerning Churchillís grave and the poet afterwards put the conversation into verse.
Stepping down Market Street the tablet Market Square greets one. It requires rather a free translation of geometrical forms to call this area a ìsquare.î

The name Cannon Street used to puzzle people but as Mr Welsh has erected a large
Cannon on the top of his premises, which he calls Cannon House, but whether this derivation is a ìprioreî or a ìposterioriî I cannot tell.
The Rev. Puckle has accounted for the name as having reference to ecclesiastical matters.
Biggin Street is another name the meaning of which is not very evident. I recollect the Rev. Puckle gave a theory of a French derivation of this name but common folks think it is a corruption of the Beginning Street as this used to be the beginning of the town when Charlton and Buckland were isolated villages.
There are a great many of the new tablets, which are suggestive but I do not whether I may be permitted to return again to the subject.
Signed, Lounger.

Effingham Passage.
July 30th 1880.
A further report was brought up on the buildings in Effingham Passage. In reply to the Mayor the Town Clerk said Effingham Passage is Christ Church Steps.
New Street.
January 14th 1881.
A new street leading to Tower Hamlets from the Town Hall was ordered to be named Priory Hill.

Belgrave Road.
July 14th 1882.
A letter received from Mr. James Stilwell Clerk of the Justices advising the road between Belgrave Gardens and the end of Clarendon Street to be called Belgrave Road and the new buildings at Cowgate Hill be called Albany Place. The suggestion was adopted.

Numbering of Streets.
November 1862.
It was ordered in accordance with a suggestion previously made by the Board that the houses from Liverpool House to the Gas Works should in future called Liverpool Street and numbered accordingly but six months notice must be given. It was also understood that the name places and terraces might also be preserved if the residents desired so that St. James Terrace for example might be called St. James Terrace, Liverpool Street.

The Streets on the Eagle Estate
February 20th 1864.
A letter from the British Land Society suggesting the names of the streets on their estate at Charlton was read. The names suggested were St. Radigundís Road and Templarís Road, it was order that the latter title should be accepted by the Board but as there was already a St. Radigundís in the Borough the substitution of another name for the first should be requested.

The Eagle Estate.
March 5th 1864.
The deputy Town Clerk read a letter from the secretary of the British Land Company in reply to a communication from the Town Clerk on the roads in the Eagle Estate recently purchased by the company. The company it appeared were willing to substitute ìstreetsî for ìroadsî and in place of the name St. Radigundís they suggested ìDe Burghî so that the streets would be called ìTemplar Streetî and ìDe Burgh Street. In reply to Alderman Robinson the Deputy Town Clerk said rather emphatically that the name ìDe Burghî was not suggested by the Town Clerk. The historical association of the name was then referred to, and Alderman Robinson who affected profound ignorance of the local records, on being informed that Hubert de Burgh was the founder of the Maison Dieu Hall innocently asked if the figures in the picture at the right hand entrance of the Town Hall (ìAdam and Eveî presented sometime since by E. Knocker Esq.) were intended for Mr De Burgh and his lady? A roar of laughter drowned the reply of the Town Clerk deputy but Alderman Robinson was heard re-joining that he would not believe on any authority, such hideous deformity to have existed in paradise after which the board proceed to their next business.

The Local Board
October 21st 1866.
The Town Clerk in a reply to a question said that the name of a Saxon King who founded the old Church of St Martins was spelt ìWithredî not Widred as seemed to be supposed by the persons who had named one of the new streets on the Eagle Estate and it was therefore ordered that a conference should be had with the builders of new streets bearing the name of Widred so that it might be spelt accordingly to historical precedent. The Surveyor reported favourably on the plan of Mr S. C. Tucker for building three houses in Black Horse Lane. Also on the same builder for erecting two houses in Widred (or Withred Road) Charlton.

Compiled by Joyce Banks.